# | Rank | Similarity | Title + Abs. | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 530 | 0 | 0.9885 | Location of the genes for anthranilate synthase in Streptomyces venezuelae ISP5230: genetic mapping after integration of the cloned genes. The anthranilate synthase (trpEG) genes in Streptomyces venezuelae ISP5230 were located by allowing a segregationally unstable plasmid carrying cloned S. venezuelae trpEG DNA and a thiostrepton resistance (tsr) marker to integrate into the chromosome. The integrated tsr was mapped by conjugation and transduction to a location close to tyr-2, between arg-6 and trpA13. A genomic DNA fragment containing trpC from S. venezuelae ISP5230 was cloned by complementation of a trpC mutation in Streptomyces lividans. Evidence from restriction enzyme analysis of the cloned DNA fragments, from Southern hybridization using the cloned trp DNA as probes, and from cotransduction frequencies, placed trpEG at a distance of 12-45 kb from the trpCBA cluster. The overall arrangement of tryptophan biosynthesis genes in the S. venezuelae chromosome differs from that in other bacteria examined so far. | 1993 | 8515229 |
| 534 | 1 | 0.9884 | Plasmid shuttle vector with two insertionally inactivable markers for coryneform bacteria. A new shuttle vector pCEM500 replicating in Escherichia coli and in Brevibacterium flavum was constructed. It carries two antibiotic resistance determinants (Kmr/Gmr from plasmid pSa of Gram-negative bacteria and Smr/Spr from plasmid pCG4 of Corynebacterium glutamicum) which are efficiently expressed in both hosts and can be inactivated by insertion of DNA fragments into the unique restriction endonuclease sites located within them. This vector was found to be stably maintained in B. flavum and can be used for transfer of the cloned genes into this amino-acid-producing coryneform bacterium. | 1990 | 2148164 |
| 819 | 2 | 0.9876 | Trimethoprim resistance transposon Tn4003 from Staphylococcus aureus encodes genes for a dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthetase flanked by three copies of IS257. Trimethoprim resistance mediated by the Staphylococcus aureus multi-resistance plasmid pSK1 is encoded by a structure with characteristics of a composite transposon which we have designated Tn4003. Nucleotide sequence analysis of Tn4003 revealed it to be 4717 bp in length and to contain three copies of the insertion element IS257 (789-790 bp), the outside two of which are flanked by directly repeated 8-bp target sequences. IS257 has imperfect terminal inverted repeats of 27-28 bp and encodes for a putative transposase with two potential alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix DNA recognition motifs. IS257 shares sequence similarities with members of the IS15 family of insertion sequences from Gram-negative bacteria and with ISS1 from Streptococcus lactis. The central region of the transposon contains the dfrA gene that specifies the S1 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) responsible for trimethoprim resistance. The S1 enzyme shows sequence homology with type I and V trimethoprim-resistant DHFRs from Gram-negative bacteria and with chromosomally encoded DHFRs from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 5' to dfrA is a thymidylate synthetase gene, designated thyE. | 1989 | 2548057 |
| 3038 | 3 | 0.9875 | Biotinylated probes for epidemiological studies of drug resistance in Salmonella krefeld. A gene probe for ampicillin resistance and one for sulphonamide resistance were prepared to study the origin and the relation of multiple drug resistances in Salmonella krefeld. The resistance genes were cloned into the pACYC184 vector of Escherichia coli from a common plasmid of S. krefeld that encoded for resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulphonamide and tetracycline resistance. Restriction map analysis and deletion analysis of a recombinant plasmid (pACSS1) showed that the gene determining ampicillin resistance was located on a 1.34 and 1.12 kb PstI fragment, and that the gene for sulphonamide resistance was located on a 0.85 kb PstI fragment. These fragments were used as probes. Their specificity was tested by colony hybridization with various bacterial species, including sensitive and resistance S. krefeld isolates. Further study indicated that the ampicillin resistance gene probe reacted with the gene for TEM-1 beta-lactamase and that the gene probe for sulphonamide resistance reacted with the gene for type II dihydropteroate synthase. The two probes were sufficiently specific to allow study of the epidemiology of resistance in S. krefeld and other enteric bacteria. | 1990 | 2190970 |
| 434 | 4 | 0.9874 | Homologous Streptomycin Resistance Gene Present among Diverse Gram-Negative Bacteria in New York State Apple Orchards. The streptomycin resistance gene of Pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans Psp36 was cloned into Escherichia coli and used to develop a 500-bp DNA probe that is specific for streptomycin resistance in P. syringae pv. papulans. The probe is a portion of a 1-kb region shared by three different DNA clones of the resistance gene. In Southern hybridizations, the probe hybridized only with DNA isolated from streptomycin-resistant strains of P. syringae pv. papulans and not with the DNA of streptomycin-sensitive strains. Transposon insertions within the region of DNA shared by the three clones resulted in loss of resistance to streptomycin. Colony hybridization of bacteria isolated from apple leaves and orchard soil indicated that 39% of 398 streptomycin-resistant bacteria contained DNA that hybridized to the probe. These included all strains of P. syringae pv. papulans and some other fluorescent pseudomonads and nonfluorescent gram-negative bacteria, but none of the gram-positive bacteria. The same-size restriction fragments hybridized to the probe in P. syringae pv. papulans. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of this region was occasionally observed in strains of other taxonomic groups of bacteria. In bacteria other than P. syringae pv. papulans, the streptomycin resistance probe hybridized to different-sized plasmids and no relationship between plasmid size and taxonomic group or between plasmid size and orchard type, soil association, or leaf association could be detected. | 1991 | 16348415 |
| 535 | 5 | 0.9874 | Improved broad-host-range plasmids for DNA cloning in gram-negative bacteria. Improved broad-host-range plasmid vectors were constructed based on existing plasmids RSF1010 and RK404. The new plasmids pDSK509, pDSK519, and pRK415, have several additional cloning sites and improved antibiotic-resistance genes which facilitate subcloning and mobilization into various Gram-negative bacteria. Several new polylinker sites were added to the Escherichia coli plasmids pUC118 and pUC119, resulting in the new plasmids, pUC128 and pUC129. These plasmids facilitate the transfer of cloned DNA fragments to the broad-host-range vectors. Finally, the broad-host-range cosmid cloning vector pLAFR3 was improved by the addition of a double cos casette to generate the new plasmid, pLAFR5. This latter cosmid simplifies vector preparation and has permitted the rapid cloning of genomic DNA fragments generated with Sau3A. The resulting clones may be introduced into other Gram-negative bacteria by conjugation. | 1988 | 2853689 |
| 3047 | 6 | 0.9874 | Formaldehyde-resistance in Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: identification of resistance genes by DNA-hybridization. A 4.1. Kb large DNA fragment of a E. coli plasmid pVU 3695, on which the genes for formaldehyde-resistance are located, was used as a DNA probe to identify bacteria that carry this segment among formaldehyde-resistant bacteria. It was shown by Southern Blot-, Dot Blot-, and Colony Blot- Hybridization studies that the DNA of all formaldehyde-resistant E. coli, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains tested hybridize with the DNA probe from E. coli. In contrast the E. coli DNA probe does not hybridize with the DNA from formaldehyde-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. | 1991 | 1909132 |
| 820 | 7 | 0.9873 | Nucleotide sequence analysis of a transposon (Tn5393) carrying streptomycin resistance genes in Erwinia amylovora and other gram-negative bacteria. A class II Tn3-type transposable element, designated Tn5393 and located on plasmid pEa34 from streptomycin-resistant strain CA11 of Erwinia amylovora, was identified by its ability to move from pEa34 to different sites in plasmids pGEM3Zf(+) and pUCD800. Nucleotide sequence analysis reveals that Tn5393 consists of 6,705 bp with 81-bp terminal inverted repeats and generates 5-bp duplications of the target DNA following insertion. Tn5393 contains open reading frames that encode a putative transposase (tnpA) and resolvase (tnpR) of 961 and 181 amino acids, respectively. The two open reading frames are separated by a putative recombination site (res) consisting of 194 bp. Two streptomycin resistance genes, strA and strB, were identified on the basis of their DNA sequence homology to streptomycin resistance genes in plasmid RSF1010. StrA is separated from tnpR by a 1.2-kb insertion element designated IS1133. The tnpA-res-tnpR region of Tn5393 was detected in Pseudomonas syringae pv. papulans Psp36 and in many other gram-negative bacteria harboring strA and strB. Except for some strains of Erwinia herbicola, these other gram-negative bacteria lacked insertion sequence IS1133. The prevalence of strA and strB could be accounted for by transposition of Tn5393 to conjugative plasmids that are then disseminated widely among gram-negative bacteria. | 1993 | 8380801 |
| 818 | 8 | 0.9869 | Characterization of a staphylococcal plasmid related to pUB110 and carrying two novel genes, vatC and vgbB, encoding resistance to streptogramins A and B and similar antibiotics. We isolated and sequenced a plasmid, named pIP1714 (4,978 bp), which specifies resistance to streptogramins A and B and the mixture of these compounds. pIP1714 was isolated from a Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii strain found in the environment of a hospital where pristinamycin was extensively used. Resistance to both compounds and related antibiotics is encoded by two novel, probably cotranscribed genes, (i) vatC, encoding a 212-amino-acid (aa) acetyltransferase that inactivates streptogramin A and that exhibits 58.2 to 69.8% aa identity with the Vat, VatB, and SatA proteins, and (ii) vgbB, encoding a 295-aa lactonase that inactivates streptogramin B and that shows 67% aa identity with the Vgb lactonase. pIP1714 includes a 2,985-bp fragment also found in two rolling-circle replication and mobilizable plasmids, pUB110 and pBC16, from gram-positive bacteria. In all three plasmids, the common fragment was delimited by two direct repeats of four nucleotides (GGGC) and included (i) putative genes closely related to repB, which encodes a replication protein, and to pre(mob), which encodes a protein required for conjugative mobilization and site-specific recombination, and (ii) sequences very similar to the double- and single-strand origins (dso, ssoU) and the recombination site, RSA. The antibiotic resistance genes repB and pre(mob) carried by each of these plasmids were found in the same transcriptional orientation. | 1998 | 9661023 |
| 5861 | 9 | 0.9869 | Distribution of genes conferring combined resistance to tetracycline and minocycline among group B streptococcal isolates from humans and various animals. Forty-nine tetracycline and minocycline resistant streptococci of serological group B isolated from humans, cattle, pigs and nutrias were investigated for the presence of genes conferring this combined resistance. Southern blot hybridization of EcoRI-digested chromosomal DNA of the bacteria revealed for 39 of the cultures a hybridization signal with tet(M), for four of the cultures a hybridization signal with tet(O) and for none of the cultures a hybridization signal with the tet(Q) gene probe. The restriction endonuclease digested and blotted DNA of six tetracycline and minocycline resistant group B streptococci did not hybridize with any of the available gene probes. The tet(M) gene probes recognized complementary sequences of EcoRI fragments of approximately 10.5 kb and 21.5 kb, the tet(O) gene probe hybridized with fragments of approximately 19 kb. The hybridization of the tet(M) gene probe in two different patterns appeared to be related to the origin of the cultures. | 1994 | 7727901 |
| 1485 | 10 | 0.9867 | Evaluation of Verigene Blood Culture Test Systems for Rapid Identification of Positive Blood Cultures. The performance of molecular tests using the Verigene Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Blood Culture nucleic acid tests (BC-GP and BC-GN, resp.; Naosphere, Northbrook, IL, USA) was evaluated for the identification of microorganisms detected from blood cultures. Ninety-nine blood cultures containing Gram-positive bacteria and 150 containing Gram-negative bacteria were analyzed using the BC-GP and BC-GN assays, respectively. Blood cultures were performed using the Bactec blood culture system (BD Diagnostic Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and conventional identification and antibiotic-susceptibility tests were performed using a MicroScan system (Siemens, West Sacramento, CA, USA). When a single strain of bacteria was isolated from the blood culture, Verigene assays correctly identified 97.9% (94/96) of Gram-positive bacteria and 93.8% (137/146) of Gram-negative bacteria. Resistance genes mecA and vanA were correctly detected by the BC-GP assay, while the extended-spectrum β-lactamase CTX-M and the carbapenemase OXA resistance gene were detected from 30 cases cultures by the BC-GN assay. The BC-GP and BC-GN assays showed high agreement with conventional identification and susceptibility tests. These tests are useful for rapid identification of microorganisms and the detection of clinically important resistance genes from positive Bactec blood cultures. | 2016 | 26904669 |
| 431 | 11 | 0.9867 | Nucleotide sequence analysis of the complement resistance gene from plasmid R100. The multiple antibiotic resistance plasmid R100 renders Escherichia coli resistant to the bactericidal action of serum complement. We constructed a plasmid (pOW3) consisting of a 1,900-base-pair-long restriction fragment from R100 joined to a 2,900-base-pair-long fragment of pBR322 carrying ampicillin resistance. E. coli strains carrying pOW3 or R100 were up to 10,000-fold less sensitive to killing by serum complement than were plasmid-free bacteria or bacteria carrying pBR322. Nucleotide sequencing revealed that 875 of the 1,900 bases from R100 correspond exactly to part of the bacterial insertion sequence IS2. The remaining 1,075 bases contained only one sizeable open reading frame; it covered 729 base pairs (243 amino acids) and was preceded by nucleotide sequences characteristic of bacterial promoters and ribosome binding sites. The first 20 amino acids of the predicted protein showed features characteristic of a signal sequence. The remainder of the predicted protein showed an amino acid composition almost identical with that determined for the traT protein from the E. coli F factor. Southern blot analysis showed that the resistance gene from R100 does not hybridize to the serum resistance gene from ColV,I-K94 isolated by Binns et al.; we concluded that these genes are distinct. | 1982 | 6284713 |
| 531 | 12 | 0.9867 | p-Aminobenzoic acid and chloramphenicol biosynthesis in Streptomyces venezuelae: gene sets for a key enzyme, 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase. Amplification of sequences from Streptomyces venezuelae ISP5230 genomic DNA using PCR with primers based on conserved prokaryotic pabB sequences gave two main products. One matched pabAB, a locus previously identified in S. venezuelae. The second closely resembled the conserved pabB sequence consensus and hybridized with a 3.8 kb NcoI fragment of S. venezuelae ISP5230 genomic DNA. Cloning and sequence analysis of the 3.8 kb fragment detected three ORFs, and their deduced amino acid sequences were used in BLAST searches of the GenBank database. The ORF1 product was similar to PabB in other bacteria and to the PabB domain encoded by S. venezuelae pabAB. The ORF2 product resembled PabA of other bacteria. ORF3 was incomplete; its deduced partial amino acid sequence placed it in the MocR group of GntR-type transcriptional regulators. Introducing vectors containing the 3.8 kb NcoI fragment of S. venezuelae DNA into pabA and pabB mutants of Escherichia coli, or into the Streptomyces lividans pab mutant JG10, enhanced sulfanilamide resistance in the host strains. The increased resistance was attributed to expression of the pair of discrete translationally coupled p-aminobenzoic acid biosynthesis genes (designated pabB/pabA) cloned in the 3.8 kb fragment. These represent a second set of genes encoding 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase in S. venezuelae ISP5230. In contrast to the fused pabAB set previously isolated from this species, they do not participate in chloramphenicol biosynthesis, but like pabAB they can be disrupted without affecting growth on minimal medium. The gene disruption results suggest that S. venezuelae may have a third set of genes encoding PABA synthase. | 2001 | 11495989 |
| 3054 | 13 | 0.9866 | Acquisition by a Campylobacter-like strain of aphA-1, a kanamycin resistance determinant from members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. A Campylobacter-like organism, BM2196, resistant to kanamycin and streptomycin-spectinomycin was isolated from the feces of a patient with acute enteritis. The kanamycin and streptomycin-spectinomycin resistances were not transferable to Camplylobacter sp. or to Escherichia coli, and no plasmid DNA was detected in this strain. The resistance genes were therefore tentatively assigned to a chromosomal locality. Analysis by the phosphocellulose paper-binding assay of extracts from BM2196 indicated that resistance to kanamycin and structurally related antibiotics was due to the synthesis of 3'-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase type I [APH(3')-I], an enzyme specific for gram-negative bacteria, and that resistance to streptomycin-spectinomycin was secondary to the presence of a 3",9-aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase. Homology between BM2196 and an APH(3')-I probe was detected by DNA-DNA hybridization. A 2.2-kilobase BM2196 DNA fragment conferring resistance to kanamycin was cloned in E. coli and was sequenced partially. The resistance gene appeared nearly identical to that of Tn903 from E. coli and was adjacent to IS15-delta, an insertion sequence widespread in gram-negative bacteria, thus indicating that Campylobacter species can act as a recipient for genes originating in members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. | 1987 | 2821885 |
| 5222 | 14 | 0.9866 | Resistance to macrolides by ribosomal mutation in clinical isolates of Turicella otitidis. The genetic basis of erythromycin resistance in Turicella otitidis, a coryneform bacteria associated with otitis, was studied in five macrolide-resistant clinical isolates. Macrolide resistance genes were searched for by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Genes for domain V of 23S rRNA (rrl) as well as rplD (L4 protein) and rplV (L22 protein) genes were characterised, amplified by PCR from total genomic DNA and sequenced. In the resistant isolates, cross-resistance to macrolides and clindamycin was associated with mutations at positions 2058 and/or 2059 (Escherichia coli numbering). Three isolates displayed A2058 mutations, one isolate had an A2059G mutation whereas another one contained mutations at positions 2058 and 2059. Southern blot experiments revealed that T. otitidis had three copies of the rrl gene. In conclusion, resistance to macrolides in T. otitidis is due, at least in part, to mutations in the rrl gene. | 2009 | 19414240 |
| 5798 | 15 | 0.9866 | Rapid identification of bacteria, mecA and van genes from blood cultures. The Genotype technology, a quick molecular genetic assay based on DNA multiplex amplification with biotinylated primers followed by hybridization to membrane bound probes, complies with the requirements for a fast diagnosis of sepsis. We evaluated the new Genotype BC Gram-negative and Gram-positive test kits (Hain Life Science, Germany) which respectively allow for the identification of 15 species of Gram-negative (GN) rods, and the identification of 17 Gram-positive (GP) bacteria species together with the determination of methicillin and vancomycin resistance (mecA and van genes). The study was performed on 60 positive blood cultures from BacT/ALERT bottles (aerobic, anaerobic and pediatric bottles). First, a Gram stain was carried out to select between Genotype BC GP or GN test, then identification were performed by the Genotype BC tests and by biochemical conventional tests after subculture and phenotypic susceptibility determination. The operating procedure was very easy to carry out and required a small amount of starting material (5 to 10 microL of blood culture). The results were available within 4.5 hours. For all the blood cultures, the Genotype BC results correlated with the biochemical identification and phenotypic antibiotics susceptibility. According to our results, this DNA strip technology based assay can easily be incorporated into routine diagnosis. | 2007 | 17913394 |
| 5856 | 16 | 0.9865 | Amplification of DNA from native populations of soil bacteria by using the polymerase chain reaction. Specific DNA sequences from native bacterial populations present in soil, sediment, and sand samples were amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction with primers for either "universal" eubacterial 16S rRNA genes or mercury resistance (mer) genes. With standard amplification conditions, 1.5-kb rDNA fragments from all 12 samples examined and from as little as 5 micrograms of soil were reproducibly amplified. A 1-kb mer fragment from one soil sample was also amplified. The identity of these amplified fragments was confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridization. | 1992 | 1444376 |
| 378 | 17 | 0.9864 | Construction and use of a self-cloning promoter probe vector for gram-negative bacteria. Transposon Tn5 has been used extensively for the genetic analysis of Gram- bacteria. We describe here the construction and use of a Tn5 derivative which contains the ColE1 origin of DNA replication, thereby allowing the cloning of DNA adjacent to the Tn without the need for construction of genomic libraries. The Tn is derived from Tn5-B21 [Simon et al., Gene 80 (1989) 161-169] and contains a promoter-probe lacZ gene and genes encoding resistance to tetracycline and beta-lactams. It is housed within a mobilisable suicide plasmid which can be transferred to a wide range of Gram- bacteria. The Tn was tested using pyoverdine siderophore-synthesis genes (pvd) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The simple cloning procedure allowed 15.9 kb of pvd-associated DNA to be cloned; in addition, the lacZ reporter gene allowed the transcription of pvd genes to be studied. The bacteria were resistant to carbenicillin only if the Tn (and hence the beta-lactamase-encoding gene) was downstream from an active promoter. | 1993 | 8386128 |
| 5086 | 18 | 0.9864 | Detection of genetically modified microorganisms in soil using the most-probable-number method with multiplex PCR and DNA dot blot. The principal objective of this study was to detect genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs) that might be accidentally released into the environment from laboratories. Two methods [plate counting and most-probable-number (MPN)] coupled with either multiplex PCR or DNA dot blots were compared using genetically modified Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, and Acinetobacter oleivorans harboring an antibiotic-resistance gene with additional gfp and lacZ genes as markers. Alignments of sequences collected from databases using the Perl scripting language (Perl API) and from denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the gfp, lacZ and antibiotic-resistance genes (kanamycin, tetracycline, and ampicillin) in GMMs differed from the counterpart genes in many sequenced genomes and in soil DNA. Thus, specific multiplex PCR primer sets for detection of plasmid-based gfp and lacZ antibiotic-resistance genes could be generated. In the plate counting method, many antibiotic-resistant bacteria from a soil microcosm grew as colonies on antibiotic-containing agar plates. The multiplex PCR verification of randomly selected antibiotic-resistant colonies with specific primers proved ineffective. The MPN-multiplex PCR method and antibiotic-resistant phenotype could be successfully used to detect GMMs, although this method is quite laborious. The MPN-DNA dot blot method screened more cells at a time in a microtiter plate containing the corresponding antibiotics, and was shown to be a more efficient method for the detection of GMMs in soil using specific probes in terms of labor and accuracy. | 2011 | 21810467 |
| 5851 | 19 | 0.9864 | Arsenic resistance determinants from environmental bacteria. Arsenic resistance determinants from 42 environmental bacterial isolates (32 Gram negative) were analyzed by DNA: DNA hybridization using probes derived from Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus plasmid or chromosomal arsenic resistance (ars) genes. In colony hybridization assays, 11 and 1 Gram negative strains hybridized with the E. coli chromosome and plasmid probes, respectively. No hybridization was detected using a probe containing only the arsA (ATPase) gene from E. coli plasmid or with a Staphylococcus plasmid ars probe. From Southern hybridization tests of some of the positive strains it was concluded that homology to ars chromosomal genes occurred within chromosome regions, except in an E. coli isolate where hybridization occurred in both the chromosome and a 130-kb plasmid. Our results show that DNA sequences homologous to E. coli ars chromosomal genes are commonly present in the chromosomes of environmental arsenic-resistant Gram negative isolates. | 1998 | 10932734 |