# | Rank | Similarity | Title + Abs. | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 7132 | 0 | 0.9779 | Impact of blending for direct potable reuse on premise plumbing microbial ecology and regrowth of opportunistic pathogens and antibiotic resistant bacteria. Little is known about how introducing recycled water intended for direct potable reuse (DPR) into distribution systems and premise plumbing will affect water quality at the point of use, particularly with respect to effects on microbial communities and regrowth. The examination of potential growth of opportunistic pathogens (OPs) and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), each representing serious and growing public health concerns, by introducing DPR water has not previously been evaluated. In this study, the impact of blending purified DPR water with traditional drinking water sources was investigated with respect to treatment techniques, blending location, and blending ratio. Water from four U.S. utility partners was treated in bench- and pilot-scale treatment trains to simulate DPR with blending. Water was incubated in simulated premise plumbing rigs made of PVC pipe containing brass coupons to measure regrowth of total bacteria (16S rRNA genes, heterotrophic plate count), OPs (Legionella spp., Mycobacterium spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa), ARGs (qnrA, vanA), and an indicator of horizontal gene transfer and multi-drug resistance (intI1). The microbial community composition was profiled and the resistome (i.e., all ARGs present) was characterized in select samples using next generation sequencing. While regrowth of total bacteria (16S rRNA genes) from the start of the incubation through week eight consistently occurred across tested scenarios (Wilcoxon, p ≤ 0.0001), total bacteria were not more abundant in the water or biofilm of any DPR scenario than in the corresponding conventional potable condition (p ≥ 0.0748). Regrowth of OP marker genes, qnrA, vanA, and intI1 were not significantly greater in water or biofilm for any DPR blends treated with advanced oxidation compared to corresponding potable water (p ≥ 0.1047). This study of initial bacteria colonizing pipes after introduction of blended DPR water revealed little evidence (i.e., one target in one water type) of exacerbated regrowth of total bacteria, OPs, or ARGs in premise plumbing. | 2019 | 30594092 |
| 15 | 1 | 0.9753 | Enhanced Bacterial Wilt Resistance in Potato Through Expression of Arabidopsis EFR and Introgression of Quantitative Resistance from Solanum commersonii. Bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is responsible for substantial losses in cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) crops worldwide. Resistance genes have been identified in wild species; however, introduction of these through classical breeding has achieved only partial resistance, which has been linked to poor agronomic performance. The Arabidopsis thaliana (At) pattern recognition receptor elongation factor-Tu (EF-Tu) receptor (EFR) recognizes the bacterial pathogen-associated molecular pattern EF-Tu (and its derived peptide elf18) to confer anti-bacterial immunity. Previous work has shown that transfer of AtEFR into tomato confers increased resistance to R. solanacearum. Here, we evaluated whether the transgenic expression of AtEFR would similarly increase BW resistance in a commercial potato line (INIA Iporá), as well as in a breeding potato line (09509.6) in which quantitative resistance has been introgressed from the wild potato relative Solanum commersonii. Resistance to R. solanacearum was evaluated by damaged root inoculation under controlled conditions. Both INIA Iporá and 09509.6 potato lines expressing AtEFR showed greater resistance to R. solanacearum, with no detectable bacteria in tubers evaluated by multiplex-PCR and plate counting. Notably, AtEFR expression and the introgression of quantitative resistance from S. commersonii had a significant additive effect in 09509.6-AtEFR lines. These results show that the combination of heterologous expression of AtEFR with quantitative resistance introgressed from wild relatives is a promising strategy to develop BW resistance in potato. | 2017 | 29033958 |
| 8187 | 2 | 0.9751 | Racial disparities in metastatic colorectal cancer outcomes revealed by tumor microbiome and transcriptome analysis with bevacizumab treatment. Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a heterogeneous disease, often associated with poor outcomes and resistance to therapies. The racial variations in the molecular and microbiological profiles of mCRC patients, however, remain under-explored. Methods: Using RNA-SEQ data, we extracted and analyzed actively transcribing microbiota within the tumor milieu, ensuring that the identified bacteria were not merely transient inhabitants but engaged in the tumor ecosystem. Also, we independently acquired samples from 12 mCRC patients, specifically, 6 White individuals and 6 of Black or African American descent. These samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Our study revealed notable racial disparities in the molecular signatures and microbiota profiles of mCRC patients. The intersection of these data showcased the potential modulating effects of specific bacteria on gene expression. Particularly, the bacteria Helicobacter cinaedi and Sphingobium herbicidovorans emerged as significant influencers, with strong correlations to the genes SELENBP1 and SNORA38, respectively. Discussion: These findings underscore the intricate interplay between host genomics and actively transcribing tumor microbiota in mCRC's pathogenesis. The identified correlations between specific bacteria and genes highlight potential avenues for targeted therapies and a more personalized therapeutic approach. | 2023 | 38357363 |
| 8111 | 3 | 0.9747 | Effect of alkaline-thermal pretreatment on biodegradable plastics degradation and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in co-compost system. Biodegradable plastics (BDPs) are an eco-friendly alternative to traditional plastics in organic waste, but their microbial degradation and impact on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) transmission during co-composting remain poorly understood. This study examines how alkaline-thermal pretreatment enhances BDPs degradation and influences the fate of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in co-composting. Pretreatment with 0.1 mol/L NaOH at 100℃ for 40 minutes increased the surface roughness and hydrophilicity of BDPs while reducing their molecular weight and thermal stability. Incorporating pretreated BDPs film (8 g/kg-TS) into the compost reduced the molecular weight of the BDPs by 59.70 % during the maturation stage, facilitating compost heating and prolonging the thermophilic stage. However, incomplete degradation of BDPs releases numerous smaller-sized microplastics, which can act as carriers for microorganisms, facilitating the dissemination of ARGs across environments and posing significant ecological and public health risks. Metagenomic analysis revealed that pretreatment enriched plastic-degrading bacteria, such as Thermobifida fusca, on BDPs surfaces and accelerated microbial plastic degradation during the thermophilic stage, but also increased ARGs abundance. Although pretreatment significantly reduced MGEs abundance (tnpA, IS19), the risk of ARGs dissemination remained. Three plastic-degrading bacteria (Pigmentiphaga sp002188465, Bacillus clausii, and Bacillus altitudinis) were identified as ARGs hosts, underscoring the need to address the risk of horizontal gene transfer of ARGs associated with pretreatment in organic waste management. | 2025 | 39970645 |
| 6794 | 4 | 0.9747 | Beyond cyanotoxins: increased Legionella, antibiotic resistance genes in western Lake Erie water and disinfection-byproducts in their finished water. BACKGROUND: Western Lake Erie is suffering from harmful cyanobacterial blooms, primarily toxic Microcystis spp., affecting the ecosystem, water safety, and the regional economy. Continued bloom occurrence has raised concerns about public health implications. However, there has been no investigation regarding the potential increase of Legionella and antibiotic resistance genes in source water, and disinfection byproducts in municipal treated drinking water caused by these bloom events. METHODS: Over 2 years, source water (total n = 118) and finished water (total n = 118) samples were collected from drinking water plants situated in western Lake Erie (bloom site) and central Lake Erie (control site). Bloom-related parameters were determined, such as microcystin (MC), toxic Microcystis, total organic carbon, N, and P. Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) [total trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs)] were assessed in finished water. Genetic markers for Legionella, antibiotic resistance genes, and mobile genetic elements were quantified in source and finished waters. RESULTS: Significantly higher levels of MC-producing Microcystis were observed in the western Lake Erie site compared to the control site. Analysis of DBPs revealed significantly elevated THMs concentrations at the bloom site, while HAAs concentrations remained similar between the two sites. Legionella spp. levels were significantly higher in the bloom site, showing a significant relationship with total cyanobacteria. Abundance of ARGs (tetQ and sul1) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were also significantly higher at the bloom site. DISCUSSION: Although overall abundance decreased in finished water, relative abundance of ARGs and MGE among total bacteria increased after treatment, particularly at the bloom site. The findings underscore the need for ongoing efforts to mitigate bloom frequency and intensity in the lake. Moreover, optimizing water treatment processes during bloom episodes is crucial to maintain water quality. The associations observed between bloom conditions, ARGs, and Legionella, necessitate future investigations into the potential enhancement of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and Legionella spp. due to blooms, both in lake environments and drinking water distribution systems. | 2023 | 37700867 |
| 9358 | 5 | 0.9746 | Single nucleotide switches confer bacteriophage resistance to Pseudomonas protegens. Phage therapy offers a promising strategy against bacterial pathogens in medicine and agriculture, but the rise of phage-resistant bacteria presents a significant challenge to its sustainability. Here, we used an environmental model bacterium, Pseudomonas protegens CHA0, to investigate phage resistance mechanisms in laboratory conditions through genomic analysis of four phage-resistant variants (C2, C4, C17, C18). Whole-genome sequencing revealed frequent deletions, insertions, and single nucleotide substitutions, particularly in genes encoding enzymes involved in cell surface modifications. The T428P mutation in AlgC, a phosphoglucomutase, and the P229T substitution in YkcC, a glycosyltransferase, each conferred resistance by altering phage receptor accessibility while preserving bacterial fitness. These findings emphasize that subtle mutations in surface-modifying enzymes enable P. protegens to evolve resistance to bacteriophages without compromising their ecological performance. | 2025 | 41112141 |
| 7 | 6 | 0.9745 | An EDS1 heterodimer signalling surface enforces timely reprogramming of immunity genes in Arabidopsis. Plant intracellular NLR receptors recognise pathogen interference to trigger immunity but how NLRs signal is not known. Enhanced disease susceptibility1 (EDS1) heterodimers are recruited by Toll-interleukin1-receptor domain NLRs (TNLs) to transcriptionally mobilise resistance pathways. By interrogating the Arabidopsis EDS1 ɑ-helical EP-domain we identify positively charged residues lining a cavity that are essential for TNL immunity signalling, beyond heterodimer formation. Mutating a single, conserved surface arginine (R493) disables TNL immunity to an oomycete pathogen and to bacteria producing the virulence factor, coronatine. Plants expressing a weakly active EDS1(R493A) variant have delayed transcriptional reprogramming, with severe consequences for resistance and countering bacterial coronatine repression of early immunity genes. The same EP-domain surface is utilised by a non-TNL receptor RPS2 for bacterial immunity, indicating that the EDS1 EP-domain signals in resistance conferred by different NLR receptor types. These data provide a unique structural insight to early downstream signalling in NLR receptor immunity. | 2019 | 30770836 |
| 8479 | 7 | 0.9743 | Identification and Genome Sequencing of Novel Virulent Strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Causing Rice Bacterial Blight in Zhejiang, China. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is the causative agent of rice bacterial blight (RBB), resulting in substantial harvest losses and posing a challenge to maintaining a stable global supply. In this study, Xoo strains isolated from Shaoxing, Quzhou, and Taizhou, where RBB occurred most frequently in Zhejiang Province in 2019, were selected as the subjects of research. Three isolated pathogenic bacteria of ZXooS (from Shaoxing), ZXooQ (from Quzhou), and ZXooT (from Taizhou) were all identified as novel Xoo strains. These novel strains demonstrate greater virulence compared to Zhe173, the previous epidemic Xoo strain from Zhejiang Province. Subsequent genomic sequencing and analysis revealed that there existed significant differences in the genome sequence, especially in effector genes corresponding to some known rice resistance (R) genes between the novel strains and Zhe173. The sequence alignment of avirulent genes (effector genes) indicated that nucleic and amino acid sequences of AvrXa5, AvrXa7, AvrXa10, and AvrXa23 in the novel strains varied prominently from those in Zhe173. Interestingly, it seemed that only the genome of ZXooQ might contain the AvrXa3 gene. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis of 61 Xoo strains revealed that the novel strains were situated in a distinct evolutionary clade separate from Zhe173. These results here suggest that the emergence of novel Xoo strains may lead to resistance loss of some R genes used in commercial rice varieties, potentially serving as one of the factors leading to RBB resurgence in Zhejiang Province, China. | 2024 | 39770343 |
| 9062 | 8 | 0.9740 | Biological cost of pyocin production during the SOS response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. LexA and two structurally related regulators, PrtR and PA0906, coordinate the Pseudomonas aeruginosa SOS response. RecA-mediated autocleavage of LexA induces the expression of a protective set of genes that increase DNA damage repair and tolerance. In contrast, RecA-mediated autocleavage of PrtR induces antimicrobial pyocin production and a program that lyses cells to release the newly synthesized pyocin. Recently, PrtR-regulated genes were shown to sensitize P. aeruginosa to quinolones, antibiotics that elicit a strong SOS response. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which PrtR-regulated genes determine antimicrobial resistance and genotoxic stress survival. We found that induction of PrtR-regulated genes lowers resistance to clinically important antibiotics and impairs the survival of bacteria exposed to one of several genotoxic agents. Two distinct mechanisms mediated these effects. Cell lysis genes that are induced following PrtR autocleavage reduced resistance to bactericidal levels of ciprofloxacin, and production of extracellular R2 pyocin was lethal to cells that initially survived UV light treatment. Although typically resistant to R2 pyocin, P. aeruginosa becomes transiently sensitive to R2 pyocin following UV light treatment, likely because of the strong downregulation of lipopolysaccharide synthesis genes that are required for resistance to R2 pyocin. Our results demonstrate that pyocin production during the P. aeruginosa SOS response carries both expected and unexpected costs. | 2014 | 25022851 |
| 20 | 9 | 0.9740 | Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN triggers local and systemic transcriptional reprogramming in Arabidopsis thaliana and increases resistance against Botrytis cinerea. Fungal pathogens are one of the main causes of yield losses in many crops, severely affecting agricultural production worldwide. Among the various approaches to alleviate this problem, beneficial microorganisms emerge as an environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative. In addition to direct biocontrol action against pathogens, certain plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) enhance the plant immune defense to control diseases through induced systemic resistance (ISR). Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN has been shown as an efficient biocontrol agent against diseases. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects at both local and systemic level remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the transcriptional response of Arabidopsis thaliana at above- and below-ground levels upon interaction with P. phytofirmans PsJN, and after Botrytis cinerea infection. Our data clearly support the protective effect of P. phytofirmans PsJN through ISR against B. cinerea in plants grown in both soil and hydroponic conditions. The comparative transcriptome analysis of the mRNA and miRNA sequences revealed that PsJN modulates the expression of genes involved in abiotic stress responses, microbe-plant interactions and ISR, with ethylene signaling pathway genes standing out. In roots, PsJN predominantly downregulated the expression of genes related to microbe perception, signaling and immune response, indicating that PsJN locally provoked attenuation of defense responses to facilitate and support colonization and the maintenance of mutualistic relationship. In leaves, the increased expression of defense-related genes prior to infection in combination with the protective effect of PsJN observed in later stages of infection suggests that bacterial inoculation primes plants for enhanced systemic immune response after subsequent pathogen attack. | 2025 | 40530279 |
| 3229 | 10 | 0.9740 | Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Microbiota in Brassica oleracea var. acephala Cultivated in South Korea: Potential for Resistance Transmission. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical global public health challenge. This study investigates the microbiome of Brassica oleracea var. acephala (kale) to evaluate the role of food production systems, particularly plant-derived foods, in AMR dissemination. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic shotgun sequencing, we analyzed microbial diversity and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in kale samples. Results showed significant regional differences in microbiota composition and ARG distribution, with traditional fertilizer use linked to higher ARG prevalence in coliform bacteria compared to farms using other fertilization methods. Additionally, we confirmed ARG transfer potential by Klebsiella pneumoniae within coliform populations. Storage conditions notably affected microbial dynamics, with higher temperatures promoting K. pneumoniae growth in washed samples. These findings revealed the importance of AMR research in plant-derived foods and highlight the need for improved agricultural practices to mitigate the risks associated with high ARG abundance in coliform bacteria. | 2025 | 39772525 |
| 6488 | 11 | 0.9737 | Inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistance genes in wastewater streams: Current challenges and future perspectives. The discovery of antibiotics, which was once regarded as a timely medical intervention now leaves a bitter aftertaste: antimicrobial resistance (AMR), due to the unregulated use of these compounds and the poor management receiving wastewaters before discharge into pristine environments or the recycling of such treated waters. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been regarded a central sink for the mostly unmetabolized or partially metabolised antibiotics and is also pivotal to the incidence of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARBs) and their resistance genes (ARGs), which consistently contribute to the global disease burden and deteriorating prophylaxis. In this regard, we highlighted WWTP-antibiotics consumption-ARBs-ARGs nexus, which might be critical to understanding the epidemiology of AMR and also guide the precise prevention and remediation of such occurrences. We also discovered the unsophistication of conventional WWTPs and treatment techniques for adequate treatment of antibiotics, ARBs and ARGs, due to their lack of compliance with environmental sustainability, then ultimately assessed the prospects of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP). Herein, we observed that CAP technologies not only has the capability to disinfect wastewater polluted with copious amounts of chemicals and biologicals, but also have a potential to augment bioelectricity generation, when integrated into bio electrochemical modules, which future WWTPs should be retrofitted to accommodate. Therefore, further research should be conducted to unveil more of the unknowns, which only a snippet has been highlighted in this study. | 2022 | 36733776 |
| 7138 | 12 | 0.9737 | Accumulation and translocation of antibiotic resistance genes in plants cultivated in hydroponic systems with nitrified biogas slurry. Hydroponic cultivation with biogas slurry supports nutrient recycling but raises biosafety concerns due to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study established a hydroponic system using nitrified biogas slurry to grow lettuce and cherry radish, and systematically investigated the accumulation of ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), high-priority human pathogenic bacteria (HPBs), and virulence factors (VFs) in plant tissues. ARGs predominantly accumulated in roots (0.16 ∼ 0.23 copies/16S rRNA), significantly higher than in leaves (0.01 ∼ 0.11 copies/16S rRNA), with sul1 consistently enriched in the rhizosphere. Filtration pretreatment significantly reduced ARG and MGE levels in cherry radish roots by 30.78 % and 39.43 %, respectively (p < 0.05). ARGs strongly correlated with MGEs (R² = 0.97, p < 0.0001), indicating horizontal gene transfer as the key dissemination pathway. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed synergistic enrichment of ARGs and MGEs with HPBs and VFs, highlighting Acinetobacter baumannii and Streptococcus pneumoniae as potential core hosts. These findings demonstrate that ARG accumulation and spread in plants are affected by slurry treatment, plant species, and tissue specificity. While filtration mitigates risks, persistent ARGs in roots necessitate further monitoring. This study informs safe reuse strategies for biogas slurry in agriculture. | 2025 | 41076908 |
| 7540 | 13 | 0.9736 | Extended chloramination significantly enriched intracellular antibiotic resistance genes in drinking water treatment plants. Chloramination and chlorination are both strong barriers that prevent the transmission of potential pathogens to humans through drinking water. However, the comparative effects of chloramination and chlorination on the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) remain unknown. Herein, the antibiotic resistome in water before and after chloramination or chlorination was analyzed through metagenomic sequencing and then verified through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). After the treatment of 90 min, chloramination led to higher enrichment of the total relative abundance of intracellular ARGs (iARGs) in water than chlorination, whereas chlorination facilitated the release of more extracellular ARGs (eARGs) than chloramination. According to redundancy and Pearson's analyses, the total concentration of the observed iARGs in the finished water exhibited a strong positive correlation with ammonium nitrogen (NH(4)(+)-N) concentration, presenting a linear upward trend with an increase in the NH(4)(+)-N concentration. This indicated that NH(4)(+)-N is a crucial driving factor for iARG accumulation during chloramination. iARG enrichment ceases if the duration of chloramination is shortened to 40 min, suggesting that shortening the duration would be a better strategy for controlling iARG enrichment in drinking water. These findings emphasized the potential risk of antibiotic resistance after extended chloramination, shedding light on the control of transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria through water by optimizing disinfection procedures in DWTPs. | 2023 | 36739658 |
| 8258 | 14 | 0.9736 | Elevating crop disease resistance with cloned genes. Essentially all plant species exhibit heritable genetic variation for resistance to a variety of plant diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, oomycetes or viruses. Disease losses in crop monocultures are already significant, and would be greater but for applications of disease-controlling agrichemicals. For sustainable intensification of crop production, we argue that disease control should as far as possible be achieved using genetics rather than using costly recurrent chemical sprays. The latter imply CO₂ emissions from diesel fuel and potential soil compaction from tractor journeys. Great progress has been made in the past 25 years in our understanding of the molecular basis of plant disease resistance mechanisms, and of how pathogens circumvent them. These insights can inform more sophisticated approaches to elevating disease resistance in crops that help us tip the evolutionary balance in favour of the crop and away from the pathogen. We illustrate this theme with an account of a genetically modified (GM) blight-resistant potato trial in Norwich, using the Rpi-vnt1.1 gene isolated from a wild relative of potato, Solanum venturii, and introduced by GM methods into the potato variety Desiree. | 2014 | 24535396 |
| 8537 | 15 | 0.9736 | Auxin inhibited colonization of antibiotic resistant bacteria in soybean sprouts and spread of resistance genes to endophytic bacteria: Highlighting energy metabolism and immunity mechanism. Antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are widely in vegetables, posing health risk. Plant auxins are commonly used to enhance vegetable yield, yet the regulatory mechanisms governing their impact on ARGs transmission to endophytic bacteria remain poorly understood. This study tracked ARB colonization and ARGs spread into endophytic bacteria in soybean sprouts exposed to gibberellin (GA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA). The application of GA and BA during the imbibition, sprouting, and germination periods of soybean sprouts all inhibited the transfer of ARB and ARGs. The enrichment of ARB and ARGs in different tissues of soybean sprouts was ranked as seed coat > hypocotyl > cotyledon. BA and GA enhanced the stability of plant cell wall-cell membrane system, promoted energy metabolism in plants, and activated the immunity mechanism. Especially, the plant hormone signal transduction pathway under GA exposure explained 44.8 % and 96.7 % of inhibition on ARB colonization and ARGs transfer, respectively; the plant-pathogen interaction pathway dominated the inhibition of antibiotic resistance under BA exposure, which explained 51 % and 65.9 % of inhibition on ARB colonization and ARGs transfer. These findings provide new insights into ARB colonization in soybean sprouts and the transmission of ARGs to endophytic bacteria under auxin stress. | 2025 | 40252322 |
| 6664 | 16 | 0.9735 | Addressing the global challenge of bacterial drug resistance: insights, strategies, and future directions. The COVID-19 pandemic underscored bacterial resistance as a critical global health issue, exacerbated by the increased use of antibiotics during the crisis. Notwithstanding the pandemic's prevalence, initiatives to address bacterial medication resistance have been inadequate. Although an overall drop in worldwide antibiotic consumption, total usage remains substantial, requiring rigorous regulatory measures and preventive activities to mitigate the emergence of resistance. Although National Action Plans (NAPs) have been implemented worldwide, significant disparities persist, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Settings such as farms, hospitals, wastewater treatment facilities, and agricultural environments include a significant presence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARG), promoting the propagation of resistance. Dietary modifications and probiotic supplementation have shown potential in reshaping gut microbiota and reducing antibiotic resistance gene prevalence. Combining antibiotics with adjuvants or bacteriophages may enhance treatment efficacy and mitigate resistance development. Novel therapeutic approaches, such as tailored antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, and nanoparticles, offer alternate ways of addressing resistance. In spite of advancements in next-generation sequencing and analytics, gaps persist in comprehending the role of gut microbiota in regulating antibiotic resistance. Effectively tackling antibiotic resistance requires robust policy interventions and regulatory measures targeting root causes while minimizing public health risks. This review provides information for developing strategies and protocols to prevent bacterial colonization, enhance gut microbiome resilience, and mitigate the spread of antibiotic resistance. | 2025 | 40066274 |
| 8153 | 17 | 0.9735 | Dominant, Heritable Resistance to Stewart's Wilt in Maize Is Associated with an Enhanced Vascular Defense Response to Infection with Pantoea stewartii. Vascular wilt bacteria such as Pantoea stewartii, the causal agent of Stewart's bacterial wilt of maize (SW), are destructive pathogens that are difficult to control. These bacteria colonize the xylem, where they form biofilms that block sap flow leading to characteristic wilting symptoms. Heritable forms of SW resistance exist and are used in maize breeding programs but the underlying genes and mechanisms are mostly unknown. Here, we show that seedlings of maize inbred lines with pan1 mutations are highly resistant to SW. However, current evidence suggests that other genes introgressed along with pan1 are responsible for resistance. Genomic analyses of pan1 lines were used to identify candidate resistance genes. In-depth comparison of P. stewartii interaction with susceptible and resistant maize lines revealed an enhanced vascular defense response in pan1 lines characterized by accumulation of electron-dense materials in xylem conduits visible by electron microscopy. We propose that this vascular defense response restricts P. stewartii spread through the vasculature, reducing both systemic bacterial colonization of the xylem network and consequent wilting. Though apparently unrelated to the resistance phenotype of pan1 lines, we also demonstrate that the effector WtsE is essential for P. stewartii xylem dissemination, show evidence for a nutritional immunity response to P. stewartii that alters xylem sap composition, and present the first analysis of maize transcriptional responses to P. stewartii infection. | 2019 | 31657672 |
| 8559 | 18 | 0.9735 | PFOA and a dash of aluminum: The perfect recipe for growing drug-resistant biofilms in urban water supply. This study investigated the impact of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and aluminum (Al(III)) on the proliferation of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria in drinking water distribution system (DWDS) biofilms, and their combined effect. Experimental simulations of stagnant residential water conditions, analyzed via comprehensive metagenomics, revealed a significant increase in bacterial biomass, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Biofilm formation was markedly enhanced in the presence of PFOA and Al(III), creating protective niches that facilitated the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and ARGs. Key observations included increases in Legionella pneumophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, along with a shift in ARG profiles towards antibiotic efflux and target protection mechanisms. Critically, this study identified the presence and dynamics of priority drug-resistant pathogens within these biofilms, providing essential insights into pollutant-influenced risks and transmission pathways. These findings highlight the significant public health implications of PFOA and Al(III) co-contamination in drinking water systems. | 2025 | 40885069 |
| 7622 | 19 | 0.9735 | Comparing polyvalent bacteriophage and bacteriophage cocktails for controlling antibiotic-resistant bacteria in soil-plant system. Antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria (ARPB) residual in soil-plant system has caused serious threat against public health and environmental safety. Being capable of targeted lysing host bacteria, phage therapy has been proposed as promising method to control the ARPB contamination in environments. In this study, microcosm trials were performed to investigate the impact of various phage treatments on the dissipation of tetracycline resistant Escherichia coli K-12 and chloramphenicol resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in soil-carrot system. After 70 days of incubation, all the four phage treatments significantly decreased the abundance of the pathogenic bacteria and the corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (tetW and cmlA) in the soil-carrot system (p < 0.05), following the order of the cocktail phage treatment (phages ΦYSZ1 + ΦYSZ2) > the polyvalent phage (ΦYSZ3 phage with broad host range) treatment > host-specific phage (ΦYSZ2 and ΦYSZ1) treatments > the control. In addition, the polyvalent phage treatment also exerted positive impact on the diversity and stability of the bacterial community in the system, suggesting that this is an environmentally friendly technique with broad applications in the biocontrol of ARPB/ARGs in soil-plant system. | 2019 | 30677957 |