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604900.9854Probiotic Properties and Antioxidant Activity In Vitro of Lactic Acid Bacteria. The properties of probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been widely studied over the last decades. In the present study, four different LAB species, namely Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103, Levilactobacillus brevis ATCC 8287, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 14917, were investigated in order to determine their ability to survive in the human gut. They were evaluated based on their tolerance to acids, resistance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions, antibiotic resistance, and the identification of genes encoding bacteriocin production. All four tested strains demonstrated high resistance to simulated gastric juice after 3 h, and the viable counts revealed declines in cell concentrations of less than 1 log cycle. L. plantarum showed the highest level of survival in the human gut, with counts of 7.09 log CFU/mL. For the species L. rhamnosus and L. brevis, the values were 6.97 and 6.52, respectively. L. gasseri, after 12 h, showed a 3.96 log cycle drop in viable counts. None of the evaluated strains inhibited resistance to ampicillin, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, or chloramphenicol. With regard to bacteriocin genes, the Pediocin PA gene was identified in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 14917, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103, and Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323. The PlnEF gene was detected in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103. The Brevicin 174A and PlnA genes were not detected in any bacteria. Moreover, the potential antioxidant activity of LAB's metabolites was evaluated. At the same time, the possible antioxidant activity of metabolites of LAB was first tested using the free radical DDPH(•) (a, a-Diphenyl-β-Picrylhydrazyl) and then evaluated with regard to their radical scavenging activity and inhibition against peroxyl radical induced DNA scission. All strains showed antioxidant activity; however, the best antioxidant activity was achieved by L. brevis (94.47%) and L. gasseri (91.29%) at 210 min. This study provides a comprehensive approach to the action of these LAB and their use in the food industry.202337317238
605010.9843Vancomycin resistance factor of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in relation to enterococcal vancomycin resistance (van) genes. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103) is a probiotic strain used in fermented dairy products in many countries and is also used as a food supplement in the form of freeze-dried powder. The relationship of the vancomycin resistance factor in L. rhamnosus GG and the vancomycin resistance (van) genes of Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium were studied using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern hybridization and conjugation methods. Our results show that the vancomycin resistance determinant in L. rhamnosus GG is not closely related to enterococcal van genes, since no PCR product was amplified in L. rhamnosus GG with any of the three sets of vanA primers used, and enterococcal vanA, vanB, vnH, vanX, vanZ, vanY, vanS and vanR genes did not hybridize with DNA of L. rhamnosus GG. This strain does not contain plasmids and transfer of chromosomal vancomycin resistance determinant from L. rhamnosus GG to enterococcal species was not detected. Our results are in accordance with previous findings of intrinsically vancomycin-resistant lactic acid bacteria.19989706787
605320.9841Probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from water-buffalo mozzarella cheese. This study evaluated the probiotic properties (stability at different pH values and bile salt concentration, auto-aggregation and co-aggregation, survival in the presence of antibiotics and commercial drugs, study of β-galactosidase production, evaluation of the presence of genes encoding MapA and Mub adhesion proteins and EF-Tu elongation factor, and the presence of genes encoding virulence factor) of four LAB strains (Lactobacillus casei SJRP35, Leuconostoc citreum SJRP44, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus SJRP57 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides SJRP58) which produced antimicrobial substances (antimicrobial peptides). The strains survived the simulated GIT modeled in MRS broth, whole and skim milk. In addition, auto-aggregation and the cell surface hydrophobicity of all strains were high, and various degrees of co-aggregation were observed with indicator strains. All strains presented low resistance to several antibiotics and survived in the presence of commercial drugs. Only the strain SJRP44 did not produce the β-galactosidase enzyme. Moreover, the strain SJRP57 did not show the presence of any genes encoding virulence factors; however, the strain SJRP35 presented vancomycin resistance and adhesion of collagen genes, the strain SJRP44 harbored the ornithine decarboxylase gene and the strain SJRP58 generated positive results for aggregation substance and histidine decarboxylase genes. In conclusion, the strain SJRP57 was considered the best candidate as probiotic cultures for further in vivo studies and functional food products development.201425117002
538830.9840Molecular identification and antibiotic resistance of bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria isolated from table olives. In the present study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from table olive in Morocco. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA fingerprinting with (GTG)'(5) primer revealed a remarquable variability within isolates. According to the molecular identification, Enterococcus faecium was the most dominant species isolated with 32 strains (84.21%), followed by 4 strains of Weissella paramesenteroides (10.52%), 1 strain of Leuconostoc mesenteroides (2.63%) and Lactobacillus plantarum (2.63%). All of the strains that were identified showed occurrence of more than one bacteriocin-encoding gene. Based on the results obtained, L. plantarum 11 showed a mosaic of loci coding for nine bacteriocins (pln A, pln D, pln K, pln G, pln B, pln C, pln N, pln J, ent P). A phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance was also examined. L. plantarum 11, L. mesenteroides 62, W. paramesenteroides 9 and W. paramesenteroides 36 as well as all the strains of E. faecium were susceptible to ampicillin, clindamycin and teicoplanin; however, isolates showed a resistance profile against tetracycline and erythromycin. Except E. faecium 114, E. faecium 130 and L. plantarum 11, no antibiotic resistance genes were detected in all of the strains, which might be due to resistances resulting from non-transferable or non-acquired resistance determinants (intrinsic mechanism).202132995979
614040.9840Complete genome sequence of bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0391, a probiotic strain with gastrointestinal tract resistance and adhesion to the intestinal epithelial cells. Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0391 is a probiotic strain isolated from the traditional fermented dairy products and identified to produce bacteriocin against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Previous studies showed that the strain has a high resistance to gastrointestinal stress and has a high adhesion ability to the intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). We reported the entire genome sequence of this strain, which contains a circular 2,886,607-bp chromosome and three circular plasmids. Genes, which are related to the biosynthesis of bacteriocins, the stress resistance to gastrointestinal tract environment and adhesive performance, were identified. Whole genome sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0391 will be helpful for its applications in food industry.201728676278
613550.9839Complete genome sequence of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis KLDS 2.0603, a probiotic strain with digestive tract resistance and adhesion to the intestinal epithelial cells. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis KLDS 2.0603 (abbreviated as KLDS 2.0603) is a probiotic strain isolated from the feces of an adult human. Previous studies showed that KLDS 2.0603 has a high resistance to simulated digestive tract conditions and a high ability to adhere to intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). These two characteristics are essential requirements for the selection of probiotic bacteria. To explore the stress resistance mechanism to the digestive tract environment and the adhesive proteins of this strain, in this paper, we reported the complete genome sequence of KLDS 2.0603, which contains 19,469bp and encodes 1614 coding sequences(CDSs), 15 rRNA genes, 52 tRNA genes with 1678 open reading frames.201626795356
521360.9838Draft genome sequences of Limosilactobacillus fermentum IJAL 01 335, isolated from a traditional cereal fermented dough. Limosilactobacillus fermentum IJAL 01 335 was isolated from mawè, a spontaneously fermented cereal dough from Benin. The 1.83 Mb draft genome sequence (52.37% GC) comprises 154 contigs, 1,836 coding sequences, and 23 predicted antibiotic resistance genes, providing insights into its genetic features and potential application in food fermentation.202541170963
635770.9838Cloning and expression of the pediocin operon in Streptococcus thermophilus and other lactic fermentation bacteria. Production of pediocin in Pediococcus acidilactici is associated with pMBR1.0, which encodes prepediocin, a pediocin immunity protein, and two proteins involved in secretion and precursor processing. These four genes are organized as an operon under control of a single promoter. We have constructed shuttle vectors that contain all four structural genes, the chromosomal promoter ST(P2201) from Streptococcus thermophilus, and repA from the 2-kbp S. thermophilus plasmid pER8. The recombinant plasmid, pPC318, expressed and secreted active pediocin in Escherichia coli. Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, and Enterococcus faecalis were electrotransformed with pPC418, a modified vector fitted with an erythromycin resistance tracking gene. Pediocin was produced and secreted in each of the lactic acid bacteria, and production was stable for up to ten passages. The expression of pediocin in dairy fermentation microbes has important implications for bacteriocins as food preservatives in dairy products.199910489440
539080.9838Presence of erythromycin and tetracycline resistance genes in lactic acid bacteria from fermented foods of Indian origin. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) resistant to erythromycin were isolated from different food samples on selective media. The isolates were identified as Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus lactis, Enterococcus casseliflavus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Of the total 60 isolates, 88 % harbored the ermB gene. The efflux gene msrA was identified in E. faecium, E. durans, E. lactis, E. casseliflavus, P. pentosaceus and L. fermentum. Further analysis of the msrA gene by sequencing suggested its homology to msrC. Resistance to tetracycline due to the genes tetM, tetW, tetO, tetK and tetL, alone or in combination, were identified in Lactobacillus species. The tetracycline efflux genes tetK and tetL occurred in P. pentosaceus and Enterococcus species. Since it appeared that LAB had acquired these genes, fermented foods may be a source of antibiotic resistance.201222644346
602690.9838Probiotic Characteristics and Whole Genome Analysis of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PM8 from Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) Milk. Milk is a rich source of probiotics, particularly lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which have been shown to promote gut health, support the immune system, enhance digestion, and prevent pathogen colonization. This study aimed to isolate and identify LAB strains from giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) milk, evaluate their probiotic properties, and analyze the genomic characteristics of a promising strain. Thirteen LAB strains were isolated from 12 samples of giant panda milk. Among all LAB strains, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PM8 (PM8) demonstrated probiotic properties and safety features. It exhibited strong growth performance, high antipathogenic activity against four pathogens, and strong survival rates under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. PM8 also showed excellent adhesion capabilities to Caco-2 cells. Additionally, safety assessment revealed no hemolysin production and minimal antibiotic resistance, making it a promising candidate for probiotic applications. The genome of PM8 consists of 3,227,035 bp with a GC content of 44.60% and contains 3171 coding sequences, including 113 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes and genes related to exopolysaccharides synthesis, vitamin B biosynthesis, adhesion, antioxidant activity, and bile salt hydrolysis. Notably, it contains genes involved in nonribosomally synthesized secondary metabolite and bacteriocin production. The genomic safety analysis confirmed that PM8 lacks the capacity to transmit bacterial antimicrobial resistance and is non-pathogenic to both humans and animals. These findings suggest that PM8 holds considerable potential for enhancing gut health and supporting the development of safe probiotic products.202539900880
6056100.9836Virulence, antibiotic resistance and biogenic amines of bacteriocinogenic lactococci and enterococci isolated from goat milk. The present study aimed to investigate the virulence, antibiotic resistance and biogenic amine production in bacteriocinogenic lactococci and enterococci isolated from goat milk in order to evaluate their safety. Twenty-nine bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria (LAB: 11 Lactococcus spp., and 18 Enterococcus spp.) isolated from raw goat milk were selected and subjected to PCR to identify gelE, cylA, hyl, asa1, esp, efaA, ace, vanA, vanB, hdc1, hdc2, tdc and odc genes. The expression of virulence factors (gelatinase, hemolysis, lipase, DNAse, tyramine, histamine, putrescine) in different incubation temperatures was assessed by phenotypic methods, as well as the resistance to vancomycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin and rifampicin (using Etest®). The tested isolates presented distinct combinations of virulence related genes, but not necessarily the expression of such factors. The relevance of identifying virulence-related genes in bacteriocinogenic LAB was highlighted, demanding for care in their usage as starter cultures or biopreservatives due to the possibility of horizontal gene transfer to other bacteria in food systems.201424960293
6136110.9835Complete genome sequences of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei INIA P272 (CECT 8315) and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus INIA P344 (CECT 8316) isolated from breast-fed infants reveal probiotic determinants. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei INIA P272 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus INIA P344, isolated from breast-fed infants, are two promising bacterial strains for their use in functional foods according to their demonstrated probiotic and technological characteristics. To better understand their probiotic characteristics and evaluate their safety, here we report the draft genome sequences of both strains as well as the analysis of their genetical content. The draft genomes of L. paracasei INIA P272 and L. rhamnosus INIA P344 comprise 3.01 and 3.26 Mb, a total of 2994 and 3166 genes and a GC content of 46.27 % and 46.56 %, respectively. Genomic safety was assessed following the EFSA guidelines: the identification of both strains was confirmed through Average Nucleotide Identity, and the absence of virulence, pathogenic and antibiotic resistance genes was demonstrated. The genome stability analysis revealed the presence of plasmids and phage regions in both genomes, however, CRISPR sequences and other mechanisms to fight against phage infections were encoded. The probiotic abilities of both strains were supported by the presence of genes for the synthesis of SCFA, genes involved in resistance to acid and bile salts or a thiamine production cluster. Moreover, the encoded exopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes could provide additional protection against the deleterious gastrointestinal conditions, besides which, playing a key role in adherence and coaggregation of pathogenic bacteria together with the high number of adhesion proteins and domains encoded by both genomes. Additionally, the bacteriocin cluster genes found in both strains, could provide an advantageous ability to compete against pathogenic bacteria. This genomic study supports the probiotic characteristics described previously for these two strains and satisfies the safety requirements to be used in food products.202235868412
6137120.9834Genomic and phenotypic analyses of Carnobacterium jeotgali strain MS3(T), a lactate-producing candidate biopreservative bacterium isolated from salt-fermented shrimp. Carnobacterium jeotgali strain MS3(T) was isolated from traditionally fermented Korean shrimp produced with bay salt. The bacterium belongs to the family Carnobacteriaceae, produces lactic acid and contains gene clusters involved in the production of lactate, butyrate, aromatic compounds and exopolysaccharides. Carnobacterium jeotgali strain MS3(T) was characterized through extensive comparison of the virulence potential, genomic relatedness and sequence similarities of its genome with the genomes of other Carnobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. In addition, links between predicted functions of genes and phenotypic characteristics, such as antibiotic resistance and lactate and butyrate production, were extensively evaluated. Genomic and phenotypic analyses of strain MS3(T) revealed promising features, including minimal virulence genes and lactate production, which make this bacterium a desirable candidate for exploitation by the fermented food industry.201525868912
6051130.9833Antibiotic susceptibility of different lactic acid bacteria strains. Five lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains belonging to species Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus were tested for their susceptibility to 27 antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of each antimicrobial were determined using a microdilution test. Among the strains a high susceptibility was detected for most of the cell-wall synthesis inhibitors (penicillins, cefoxitin and vancomycin) and resistance toward inhibitors of DNA synthesis (trimethoprim/sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones). Generally, the Lactobacillus strains were inhibited by antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, erythromycin and tetracycline at breakpoint levels lower or equal to the levels defined by the European Food Safety Authority. Despite the very similar profile of S. thermophilus LC201 to lactobacilli, the detection of resistance toward erythromycin necessitates the performance of additional tests in order to prove the absence of transferable resistance genes.201122146692
6028140.9831Isolation, Characterization, and Comparative Genomics of the Novel Potential Probiotics from Canine Feces. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are commonly used as probiotics; however, not all LAB strains have the same beneficial effects. To successfully use LAB as probiotics in canines, LAB species should originate from the canine intestinal tract as they display host specificity. The objective of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and genomic traits of potential probiotic LAB isolated from canine fecal samples. Twenty LAB samples were evaluated for their potential probiotic characteristics including resistance to low pH, bile salts, hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, co-aggregation, adhesion to epithelia or mucosa, and production of inhibitory compounds. Additionally, we evaluated their safety and other beneficial effects on canine health, such as DPPH free radical scavenging, and β-galactosidase. Four strains demonstrated potential probiotic characteristics and were selected: Enterococcus hirae Pom4, Limosilactobacillus fermentum Pom5, Pediococcus pentosaceus Chi8, and Ligilactobacillus animalis FB2. Safety evaluations showed that all strains lacked hemolytic activity, could not produce biogenic amines, and did not carry any pathogenic genes. In addition, L. fermentum Pom5 and P. pentosaceus Chi8 displayed susceptibility to all antibiotics and concordant with the absence of antibiotic resistance genes. Based on their phenotypic and genomic characteristics, L. fermentum Pom5 and P. pentosaceus Chi8 were identified as potential probiotic candidates for canines.202337484003
5392150.9831Characterization and transfer of antibiotic resistance in lactic acid bacteria from fermented food products. The study provides phenotypic and molecular analyses of the antibiotic resistance in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from fermented foods in Xi'an, China. LAB strains (n = 84) belonging to 16 species of Lactobacillus (n = 73), and Streptococcus thermophilus (n = 11) were isolated and identified by sequencing their 16S rRNA gene. All strains were susceptible to ampicillin, bacitracin, and cefsulodin, and intrinsically resistant to nalidixic acid, kanamycin, and vancomycin (except L. bulgaricus, L. acidophilus, and S. thermophilus, which were susceptible to vancomycin). Some strains had acquired resistance for penicillin (n = 2), erythromycin (n = 9), clindamycin (n = 5), and tetracycline (n = 14), while resistance to gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, and chloramphenicol was species dependent. Minimum inhibitory concentrations presented in this study will help to review microbiological breakpoints for some of the species of Lactobacillus. The erm(B) gene was detected from two strains of each of L. fermentum and L. vaginalis, and one strain of each of L. plantarum, L. salivarius, L. acidophilus, L. animalis, and S. thermophilus. The tet genes were identified from 12 strains of lactobacilli from traditional foods. This is the first time, the authors identified tet(S) gene from L. brevis and L. kefiri. The erm(B) gene from L. fermentum NWL24 and L. salivarius NWL33, and tet(M) gene from L. plantarum NWL22 and L. brevis NWL59 were successfully transferred to Enterococcus faecalis 181 by filter mating. It was concluded that acquired antibiotic resistance is well dispersed in fermented food products in Xi'an, China and its transferability to other genera should be monitored closely.201121212956
8469160.9830Probiogenomic analysis of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SPS109: A potential GABA-producing and cholesterol-lowering probiotic strain. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SPS109, an isolated strain of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from fermented foods, showed remarkable potential as a probiotic with dual capabilities in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production and cholesterol reduction. This study employs genomic and comparative analyses to search into the strain's genetic profile, safety features, and probiotic attributes. The safety assessment reveals the absence of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes, while the genome uncovers bacteriocin-related elements, including sactipeptides and a cluster for putative plantaricins, strengthening its ability to combat diverse pathogens. Pangenome analysis revealed unique bacteriocin-related genes, specifically lcnD and bcrA, distinguishing SPS109 from four other L. plantarum strains producing GABA. In addition, genomic study emphasizes SPS109 strain distinctive features, two GABA-related genes responsible for GABA production and a bile tolerance gene (cbh) crucial for cholesterol reduction. Additionally, the analysis highlights several genes of potential probiotic properties, including stress tolerance, vitamin production, and antioxidant activity. In summary, L. plantarum SPS109 emerges as a promising probiotic candidate with versatile applications in the food and beverage industries, supported by its unique genomic features and safety profile.202439044985
6015170.9830Integrative genome analysis of bacteriocin-producing Lactiplantibacillus pentosus LNP1-39 and its synbiotic role in suppressing food-borne pathogens. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from traditional Thai-fermented foods. Among these, the strain LNP1-39, closely related to Lactiplantibacillus pentosus, was selected for further study because of its non-pathogenic profile. The bacteriocins produced by L. pentosus LNP1-39 were proteinaceous substances that exhibited strong antimicrobial activity across a wide pH range (pH 2-11; 6400-2400 AU/mL) and thermal stability at 100 °C for 40 min (400 AU/mL). These bacteriocins showed a narrow antimicrobial spectrum, effectively targeting Gram-positive pathogens, such as Kocuria rhizophila MIII, Enterococcus faecalis JCM 5803( T), and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115. Comprehensive safety assessments, including whole-genome analysis and in vitro tests, confirmed a low risk of antibiotic resistance and the absence of virulence factors. Strain LNP1-39 was confirmed to be closely related to L. pentosus DSM 20314( T) via digital DNA‒DNA hybridization (dDDH; 75.4%), with average nucleotide identity (ANI) at 96.56% ANIb and 97.22% ANIm values. Additionally, LNP1-39 produces pediocin with notable similarity (76.29% identity to pediocin) and presents low risks for antibiotic-resistance genes or transfer genes while providing antioxidant properties. Strain LNP1-39 survived harsh gastrointestinal tract conditions and exhibited a favorable prebiotic index and positive prebiotic activity score when paired with polydextrose or isomalto-oligosaccharide. These findings support L. pentosus LNP1-39 as potential bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria for further application in food preservation and pathogen control or as a synbiotic.202540622670
332180.9829Analysis and Reconstitution of the Menaquinone Biosynthesis Pathway in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lentilactibacillus buchneri. In Lactococcus lactis and some other lactic acid bacteria, respiratory metabolism has been reported upon supplementation with only heme, leading to enhanced biomass formation, reduced acidification, resistance to oxygen, and improved long-term storage. Genes encoding a complete respiratory chain with all components were found in genomes of L. lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides, but menaquinone biosynthesis was found to be incomplete in Lactobacillaceae (except L. mesenteroides). Lactiplantibacillus plantarum has only two genes (menA, menG) encoding enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway (out of eight), and Lentilactobacillus buchneri has only four (menA, menB, menE, and menG). We constructed knock-out strains of L. lactis defective in menA, menB, menE, and menG (encoding the last steps in the pathway) and complemented these by expression of the extant genes from Lactipl. plantarum and Lent. buchneri to verify their functionality. Three of the Lactipl. plantarum biosynthesis genes, lpmenA1, lpmenG1, and lpmenG2, as well as lbmenB and lbmenG from Lent. buchneri, reconstituted menaquinone production and respiratory growth in the deficient L. lactis strains when supplemented with heme. We then reconstituted the incomplete menaquinone biosynthesis pathway in Lactipl. plantarum by expressing six genes from L. lactis homologous to the missing genes in a synthetic operon with two inducible promoters. Higher biomass formation was observed in Lactipl. plantarum carrying this operon, with an OD(600) increase from 3.0 to 5.0 upon induction.202134361912
6082190.9829Complete genome sequence of the probiotic candidate strain Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus B3421 isolated from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer in South Korea. OBJECTIVES: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus is a widely recognized probiotic bacteria with therapeutic applications in human and animal health. The L. rhamnosus B3421 strain, isolated from Panax ginseng, has been reported to be associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, supporting its functional potential. We sequenced and analyzed the genome of L. rhamnosus B3421 to evaluate its probiotic potential for human healthcare and animal applications, focusing on genomic features related to safety and functionality. DATA DESCRIPTION: In this study, we isolated L. rhamnosus B3421 from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Ginseng) and performed whole-genome sequencing. The genome of L. rhamnosus B3421 consists of 3,000,051 base pairs (bp) with a guanine + cytosine (G + C) content of 46.70%. It encodes 59 transfer RNAs, 15 ribosomal RNAs, and 2,807 coding sequences (CDSs). Of these CDSs, 99.13% (2,758 proteins) were assigned to functional categories in the Clusters of Orthologous Group (COGs) classification system, while 49 proteins remained uncharacterized. Our genome analysis identified no antibiotic resistance (ABR) or antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, indicating that L. rhamnosus B3421 is a safe probiotic bacterium with minimal risk of contributing to the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance within the gut microbiome. Additionally, the genome contains genes associated with the ggmotif (PF10439), Enterocin X chain beta, and Carnocin CP52, as identified through BAGEL4 analysis, along with 24 other genes related to reductase or peroxidase activities. These genes may confer competitive advantages against pathogenic bacteria and oxidative stress. Our findings highlight the probiotic potential of L. rhamnosus B3421 and its prospective applications in promoting human and animal health.202540877785