# | Rank | Similarity | Title + Abs. | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 3228 | 0 | 0.9974 | Differences in Gut Microbiome Composition and Antibiotic Resistance Gene Distribution between Chinese and Pakistani University Students from a Common Peer Group. Gut microbiomes play important functional roles in human health and are also affected by many factors. However, few studies concentrate on gut microbiomes under exercise intervention. Additionally, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by gut microbiomes may constantly pose a threat to human health. Here, ARGs and microbiomes of Chinese and Pakistanis participants were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR techniques. The exercise had no impact on gut microbiomes in the 12 individuals investigated during the observation period, while the different distribution of gut microbiomes was found in distinct nationalities. Overall, the dominant microbial phyla in the participants' gut were Bacteroidota, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Some genera such as Prevotella and Dialister were more abundant in Pakistani participants and some other genera such as Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were more abundant in Chinese participants. The microbial diversity in Chinese was higher than that in Pakistanis. Furthermore, microbial community structures were also different between Chinese and Pakistanis. For ARGs, the distribution of all detected ARGs is not distinct at each time point. Among these ARGs, floR was distributed differently in Chinese and Pakistani participants, and some ARGs such as tetQ and sul2 are positively correlated with several dominant microbiomes, particularly Bacteroidota and Firmicutes bacteria that did not fluctuate over time. | 2021 | 34072124 |
| 7656 | 1 | 0.9973 | The host-specific resistome in environmental feces of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) and leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis) revealed by metagenomic sequencing. Investigation of feces of wildlife, which is considered as reservoirs, melting pots, vectors and secondary sources of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), provides insights into the risks and ecology of ARGs in the environment. Here, we investigated microbiomes, virulence factor genes (VFGs) of bacterial pathogens, and resistomes in environmental feces of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) and leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis) using shotgun metagenome sequencing. As expected, the taxonomic compositions of bacteria were significantly different between the animals. Importantly, we found that the compositions of ARGs were also significantly different between the animals. We detected ARGs including iri, tetA(P), tetB(P), floR, sulII, strA, strB, tetW and tetY. Some of them were significantly more abundant in either of the host animals, such as strA, strB and tetY in Eurasian otters, and tetA(P), tetW and iri in leopard cats. We also found that some ARGs were selectively correlated to particular VFGs-related bacteria, such as tetA(P) and tetB(P) to Clostridium, and iri to Mycobacterium. We also found that there were positive correlations between Acinetobacter and ARGs of multiple antimicrobial classes. The host-specific resistomes and VFGs-related bacteria may be due to differences in the host's gut microbiome, diet and/or habitat, but further investigation is needed. Overall, this study provided important baseline information about the resistomes of the wildlife in Korea, which may help the conservation of these endangered species and assessment of human health risks posed by ARGs and bacterial pathogens from wildlife. | 2022 | 35399616 |
| 6798 | 2 | 0.9973 | Diet-driven diversity of antibiotic resistance genes in wild bats: implications for public health. Wild bats may serve as reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, potentially contributing to antibiotic resistance and pathogen transmission. However, current assessments of bats' antibiotic resistance potential are limited to culture-dependent bacterial snapshots. In this study, we present metagenomic evidence supporting a strong association between diet, gut microbiota, and the resistome, highlighting bats as significant vectors for ARG propagation. We characterized gut microbiota, ARGs, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in bats with five distinct diets: frugivory, insectivory, piscivory, carnivory, and sanguivory. Our analysis revealed high levels of ARGs in bat guts, with limited potential for horizontal transfer, encompassing 1106 ARGs conferring resistance to 26 antibiotics. Multidrug-resistant and polymyxin-resistant genes were particularly prevalent among identified ARG types. The abundance and diversity of ARGs/MGEs varied significantly among bats with different dietary habits, possibly due to diet-related differences in microbial composition. Additionally, genetic linkage between high-risk ARGs and multiple MGEs was observed on the genomes of various zoonotic pathogens, indicating a potential threat to human health from wild bats. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the resistome in wild bats and underscores the role of dietary habits in wildlife-associated public health risks. | 2025 | 39892320 |
| 6979 | 3 | 0.9972 | Urbanization increases high-risk antibiotic resistance genes and pathogenic bacteria in soil and phyllosphere microbiomes. Rapid urban expansion has transformed agricultural and natural land into industrial, commercial, and residential areas, leading to substantial changes in land use and vegetation types, which exert a profound impact on microbial diversity. However, the responses of soil-plant multitrophic microbial communities to urbanization and its upshots on the profiles of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factor genes (VFGs) remain poorly explored. This study explored the urban soil and grass phyllosphere microbiomes across five levels of urban gradient, defined by building densities. Our findings reveal the lowest α-diversity of bacteria, fungi, and protists in highly urbanized areas linked with a notable increase in ARGs, and VFGs. The highly populated areas mostly associated with the decrease of habitat green patch sizes that are exposed to the various anthropogenic stocks, and high-risk ARGs pose the utmost vulnerability risks for human well-being. The high-risk genes encoding resistance to multidrug (mdtG, emrD, and mepA), and glycopeptide (vanA) and their associated human potential pathogens were remarkably abundant in soil and grass phyllosphere. Our findings underscore the complex relationships between urbanization, microbial diversity, and resistome, ultimately, it is crucial to monitor the main source of clinical ARGs/VFGs for proper, effective sustainable urban management and public health interventions. | 2025 | 40555022 |
| 7677 | 4 | 0.9972 | Genomic evidence for flies as carriers of zoonotic pathogens on dairy farms. Dairy farms are major reservoirs of zoonotic bacterial pathogens, which harbor antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), and raise critical questions about their dissemination on and off the farm environment. Here, we investigated the role of coprophagous muscid flies (Diptera: Muscidae) as carriers of zoonotic pathogens and antimicrobial resistance. We collected cow manure and flies on a dairy farm and used shotgun metagenomics to identify the presence of clinically relevant bacteria, virulence factors, and ARGs in both environments. Our results reveal that, although the fly microbiome is largely composed of manure-associated taxa, they also harbor specific insect-associated bacteria, which may be involved in nutrient provisioning to the host. Furthermore, we identifed shared ARGs, virulence factors, and zoonotic pathogens enriched within the fly gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Our study illustrates the potential flow of pathogenic microorganisms from manure to coprophagous flies, suggesting that flies may pose an important zoonotic threat on dairy farms. | 2025 | 40537478 |
| 6971 | 5 | 0.9972 | Spontaneous fermentation mitigates the frequency of genes encoding antimicrobial resistance spreading from the phyllosphere reservoir to the diet. The phyllosphere microbiome of vegetable products constitutes an important reservoir for multidrug resistant bacteria and Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARG). Vegetable products including fermented products such as Paocai therefore may serve as a shuttle for extrinsic microorganisms with ARGs into the gut of consumers. Here we study the effect of fermentation on Paocai ARG dissemination by metagenomic analysis. Microbial abundance and diversity of the Paocai microbiome were diminished during fermentation, which correlated with the reduction of abundance in ARGs. Specifically, as fermentation progressed, Enterobacterales overtook Pseudomonadales as the predominant ARG carriers, and Lactobacillales and Enterobacteriales became the determinants of Paocai resistome variation. Moreover, the dual effect of microbes and metal resistance genes (MRGs) was the major contributor driving Paocai resistome dynamics. We recovered several metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) carrying acquired ARGs in the phyllosphere microbiome. ARGs of potential clinical and epidemiological relevance such as tet M and emrB-qacA, were mainly hosted by non-dominant bacterial genera. Overall, our study provides evidence that changes in microbial community composition by fermentation aid in constraining ARG dispersal from raw ingredients to the human microbiome but does not eliminate them. | 2024 | 38677439 |
| 3222 | 6 | 0.9971 | Differences in gut metagenomes between dairy workers and community controls: a cross-sectional study. BACKGROUND: As a nexus of routine antibiotic use and zoonotic pathogen presence, the livestock farming environment is a potential hotspot for the emergence of zoonotic diseases and antibiotic resistant bacteria. Livestock can further facilitate disease transmission by serving as intermediary hosts for pathogens as they undergo evolution prior to a spillover event. In light of this, we are interested in characterizing the microbiome and resistome of dairy workers, whose exposure to the livestock farming environment places them at risk for facilitating community transmission of antibiotic resistant genes and emerging zoonotic diseases. RESULTS: Using shotgun sequencing, we investigated differences in the taxonomy, diversity and gene presence of the human gut microbiome of 10 dairy farm workers and 6 community controls, supplementing these samples with additional publicly available gut metagenomes. We observed greater abundance of tetracycline resistance genes and prevalence of cephamycin resistance genes in dairy workers' metagenomes, and lower average gene diversity. We also found evidence of commensal organism association with plasmid-mediated tetracycline resistance genes in both dairy workers and community controls (including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Ligilactobacillus animalis, and Simiaoa sunii). However, we did not find significant differences in the prevalence of resistance genes or virulence factors overall, nor differences in the taxonomic composition of dairy worker and community control metagenomes. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents the first metagenomics analysis of United States dairy workers, providing insights into potential risks of exposure to antibiotics and pathogens in animal farming environments. Previous metagenomic studies of livestock workers in China and Europe have reported increased abundance and carriage of antibiotic resistance genes in livestock workers. While our investigation found no strong evidence for differences in the abundance or carriage of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors between dairy worker and community control gut metagenomes, we did observe patterns in the abundance of tetracycline resistance genes and the prevalence of cephamycin resistance genes that is consistent with previous work. | 2023 | 37215025 |
| 7372 | 7 | 0.9971 | Variability of faecal microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes in flocks of migratory gulls and comparison with the surrounding environment. Gulls commonly rely on human-generated waste as their primary food source, contributing to the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes, both locally and globally. Our understanding of this process remains incomplete, particularly in relation to its potential interaction with surrounding soil and water. We studied the lesser black-backed gull, Larus fuscus, as a model to examine the spatial variation of faecal bacterial communities, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and its relationship with the surrounding water and soil. We conducted sampling campaigns within a connectivity network of different flocks of gulls moving across functional units (FUs), each of which represents a module of highly interconnected patches of habitats used for roosting and feeding. The FUs vary in habitat use, with some gulls using more polluted sites (notably landfills), while others prefer more natural environments (e.g., wetlands or beaches). Faecal bacterial communities in gulls from flocks that visit and spend more time in landfills exhibited higher richness and diversity. The faecal microbiota showed a high compositional overlap with bacterial communities in soil. The overlap was greater when compared to landfill (11%) than to wetland soils (6%), and much lower when compared to bacterial communities in surrounding water (2% and 1% for landfill and wetland water, respectively). The relative abundance of ARGs and MGEs were similar between FUs, with variations observed only for specific families of ARGs and MGEs. When exploring the faecal carriage of ARGs and MGEs in bird faeces relative to soil and water compartments, gull faeces were enriched in ARGs classified as High-Risk. Our results shed light on the complex dynamics of antibiotic resistance spread in wild bird populations, providing insights into the interactions among gull movement and feeding behavior, habitat characteristics, and the dissemination of antibiotic resistance determinants across environmental reservoirs. | 2024 | 39019307 |
| 3227 | 8 | 0.9971 | Geographic pattern of antibiotic resistance genes in the metagenomes of the giant panda. The rise in infections by antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a serious public health problem worldwide. The gut microbiome of animals is a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, the correlation between the gut microbiome of wild animals and ARGs remains controversial. Here, based on the metagenomes of giant pandas (including three wild populations from the Qinling, Qionglai and Xiaoxiangling Mountains, and two major captive populations from Yaan and Chengdu), we investigated the potential correlation between the constitution of the gut microbiome and the composition of ARGs across the different geographic locations and living environments. We found that the types of ARGs were correlated with gut microbiome composition. The NMDS cluster analysis using Jaccard distance of the ARGs composition of the gut microbiome of wild giant pandas displayed a difference based on geographic location. Captivity also had an effect on the differences in ARGs composition. Furthermore, we found that the Qinling population exhibited profound dissimilarities of both gut microbiome composition and ARGs (the highest proportion of Clostridium and vancomycin resistance genes) when compared to the other wild and captive populations studies, which was supported by previous giant panda whole-genome sequencing analysis. In this study, we provide an example of a potential consensus pattern regarding host population genetics, symbiotic gut microbiome and ARGs. We revealed that habitat isolation impacts the ARG structure in the gut microbiome of mammals. Therefore, the difference in ARG composition between giant panda populations will provide some basic information for their conservation and management, especially for captive populations. | 2021 | 32812361 |
| 7719 | 9 | 0.9971 | Different artificial feeding strategies shape the diverse gut microbial communities and functions with the potential risk of pathogen transmission to captive Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus). Captive otters raised in zoos are fed different artificial diets, which may shape gut microbiota. The objective is to evaluate the impacts of two different artificial diets on microbial communities and function capabilities and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles in healthy otters' feces. A total of 16 Asian small-clawed otters in two groups (n = 8) were selected. Group A otters were fed raw loaches supplemented with commercial cat food (LSCF) diet, and group B otters were fed raw crucian diet. The communities and functional capabilities of microbiota in feces were assessed with metagenomic sequencing. Captive otters fed two kinds of diets possessed different gut microbial communities and functional capabilities. Various pathogenic bacteria, like Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens, were enriched in the samples from the two groups, respectively. Most of the differential pathways of nutrient metabolism were significantly enriched in group A, and the distributions of carbohydrate enzymes in the two groups significantly differed from each other. Multiple resistance genes markedly accumulated in fecal samples of the group A otters with LSCF diet. Higher concentrations of SCFAs were also observed in group A otters. Two feeding strategies were both likely to facilitate the colonization and expansion of various pathogenic bacteria and the accumulation of resistance genes in the intestines of captive otters, suggesting that risk of pathogen transmission existed in the current feeding process. Commercial cat food could supplement various nutrients and provide a substrate for the production of SCFAs, which might be beneficial for the otters' intestinal fermentation and metabolism. IMPORTANCE: Captive otters fed with different diets possessed distinct gut microbial communities and functions, with the enrichment of several pathogens and multiple resistance genes in their gut microbiota. The current artificial feeding strategies had the possibility to accelerate the colonization and proliferation of various pathogenic bacteria in the intestines of otters and the spread of resistance genes, increasing the risk of diseases. In addition, supplementation with commercial cat food had benefits for otters' intestinal fermentation and the metabolism of gut microbiota. | 2024 | 39601555 |
| 7373 | 10 | 0.9971 | Distributional Pattern of Bacteria, Protists, and Diatoms in Ocean according to Water Depth in the Northern South China Sea. Ocean microbiomes provide insightful details about the condition of water and the global impact of marine ecosystems. A fine-scale analysis of ocean microbes may shed light on the dynamics and function of the ocean microbiome community. In this study, we evaluated the changes in the community and function of marine bacteria, protists, and diatoms corresponding to different ocean depths using next-generation sequencing methods. We found that diatoms displayed a potential water-depth pattern in species richness (alpha diversity) and community composition (beta diversity). However, for bacteria and protists, there was no significant relationship between water depth and species richness. This may be related to the biological characteristics of diatoms. The photosynthesis of diatoms and their distribution may be associated with the fluctuating light regime in the underwater climate. Moreover, salinity displayed negative effects on the abundance of some diatom and bacterial groups, which indicates that salinity may be one of the factors restricting ocean microorganism diversity. In addition, compared to the global ocean microbiome composition, function, and antibiotic resistance genes, a water depth pattern due to the fine-scale region was not observed in this study. IMPORTANCE Fine-scale analysis of ocean microbes provides insights into the dynamics and functions of the ocean microbiome community. Here, using amplicon and metagenome sequencing methods, we found that diatoms in the northern South China Sea displayed a potential water-depth pattern in species richness and community composition, which may be related to their biological characteristics. The potential effects of the differences in geographic sites mainly occurred in the diatom and bacterial communities. Moreover, given the correlation between the environmental factors and relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), the study of ocean ARG distribution patterns should integrate the potential effects of environmental factors. | 2022 | 36222702 |
| 3241 | 11 | 0.9971 | Environmental remodeling of human gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome in livestock farms. Anthropogenic environments have been implicated in enrichment and exchange of antibiotic resistance genes and bacteria. Here we study the impact of confined and controlled swine farm environments on temporal changes in the gut microbiome and resistome of veterinary students with occupational exposure for 3 months. By analyzing 16S rRNA and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing data in tandem with culture-based methods, we show that farm exposure shapes the gut microbiome of students, resulting in enrichment of potentially pathogenic taxa and antimicrobial resistance genes. Comparison of students' gut microbiomes and resistomes to farm workers' and environmental samples revealed extensive sharing of resistance genes and bacteria following exposure and after three months of their visit. Notably, antibiotic resistance genes were found in similar genetic contexts in student samples and farm environmental samples. Dynamic Bayesian network modeling predicted that the observed changes partially reverse over a 4-6 month period. Our results indicate that acute changes in a human's living environment can persistently shape their gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome. | 2020 | 32188862 |
| 6974 | 12 | 0.9971 | Comparison of soil and grass microbiomes and resistomes reveals grass as a greater antimicrobial resistance reservoir than soil. Grasslands cover a large proportion of global agricultural landmass used to feed herbivores and ruminants and link the environment to the food chain via animals onto humans. However, most scientific studies of antimicrobial resistance and microbiomes at the environmental - animal nexus have focused on soil or vegetables rather than grasslands. Based on previous microbiome phyllosphere-soil studies we hypothesised that the microbiome and resistomes across soil and grass would have a core of shared taxa and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), but that in addition each would also have a minority of unique signatures. Our data indicated grass contained a wider variety and higher relative abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) than soil with or without slurry amendments. The microbiomes of soil and grass were similar in content but varied in the composition proportionality. While there were commonalities across many of the ARGs present in soil and on grass their correlations with MGEs and bacteria differed, suggesting a source other than soil is also relevant for the resistome of grass. The variations in the relative abundances of ARGs in soil and on grass also indicated that either the MGEs or the bacteria carrying the ARGs comprised a higher relative abundance on grass than in soil. We conclude that while soil may be a source of some of these genes it cannot be the source for all ARGs and MGEs. Our data identifies grass as a more diverse and abundant reservoir of ARGs and MGEs in the environment than soil, which is significant to human and animal health when viewed in the context of grazing food animals. | 2023 | 36191722 |
| 3223 | 13 | 0.9971 | A cross-sectional comparison of gut metagenomes between dairy workers and community controls. BACKGROUND: As a nexus of routine antibiotic use and zoonotic pathogen presence, the livestock farming environment is a potential hotspot for the emergence of zoonotic diseases and antibiotic resistant bacteria. Livestock can further facilitate disease transmission by serving as intermediary hosts for pathogens before a spillover event. In light of this, we aimed to characterize the microbiomes and resistomes of dairy workers, whose exposure to the livestock farming environment places them at risk for facilitating community transmission of antibiotic resistant genes and emerging zoonotic diseases. RESULTS: Using shotgun sequencing, we investigated differences in the taxonomy, diversity and gene presence of 10 dairy farm workers and 6 community controls' gut metagenomes, contextualizing these samples with additional publicly available gut metagenomes. We found no significant differences in the prevalence of resistance genes, virulence factors, or taxonomic composition between the two groups. The lack of statistical significance may be attributed, in part, to the limited sample size of our study or the potential similarities in exposures between the dairy workers and community controls. We did, however, observe patterns warranting further investigation including greater abundance of tetracycline resistance genes and prevalence of cephamycin resistance genes as well as lower average gene diversity (even after accounting for differential sequencing depth) in dairy workers' metagenomes. We also found evidence of commensal organism association with tetracycline resistance genes in both groups (including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Ligilactobacillus animalis, and Simiaoa sunii). CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the utility of shotgun metagenomics in examining the microbiomes and resistomes of livestock workers, focusing on a cohort of dairy workers in the United States. While our study revealed no statistically significant differences between groups in taxonomy, diversity and gene presence, we observed patterns in antibiotic resistance gene abundance and prevalence that align with findings from previous studies of livestock workers in China and Europe. Our results lay the groundwork for future research involving larger cohorts of dairy and non-dairy workers to better understand the impact of occupational exposure to livestock farming on the microbiomes and resistomes of workers. | 2024 | 39033279 |
| 7664 | 14 | 0.9971 | A catalog of metagenome-assembled genomes from Amazonian forest and pasture soils. The Amazon rainforest is facing multifaceted anthropogenic pressures, and we previously showed that forest-to-pasture conversion has led to soil microbial communities with distinct genomic traits. Here, we present 69 archaeal and bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes and detail their virulence- and antimicrobial resistance-associated genes. | 2025 | 41036867 |
| 6973 | 15 | 0.9970 | Carbendazim shapes microbiome and enhances resistome in the earthworm gut. BACKGROUND: It is worrisome that several pollutants can enhance the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment, including agricultural fungicides. As an important bioindicator for environmental risk assessment, earthworm is still a neglected focus that the effects of the fungicide carbendazim (CBD) residues on the gut microbiome and resistome are largely unknown. In this study, Eisenia fetida was selected to investigate the effects of CBD in the soil-earthworm systems using shotgun metagenomics and qPCR methods. RESULTS: CBD could significantly perturb bacterial community and enrich specific bacteria mainly belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria. More importantly, CBD could serve as a co-selective agent to elevate the abundance and diversity of ARGs, particularly for some specific types (e.g., multidrug, glycopeptide, tetracycline, and rifamycin resistance genes) in the earthworm gut. Additionally, host tracking analysis suggested that ARGs were mainly carried in some genera of the phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Meanwhile, the level of ARGs was positively relevant to the abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and some representative co-occurrence patterns of ARGs and MGEs (e.g., cmx-transposase and sul1-integrase) were further found on the metagenome-assembled contigs in the CBD treatments. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the enhancement effect of CBD on the resistome in the earthworm gut may be attributed to its stress on the gut microbiome and facilitation on the ARGs dissemination mediated by MGEs, which may provide a novel insight into the neglected ecotoxicological risk of the widely used agrochemicals on the gut resistome of earthworm dwelling in soil. Video abstract. | 2022 | 35436900 |
| 7473 | 16 | 0.9970 | Mobile resistome of human gut and pathogen drives anthropogenic bloom of antibiotic resistance. BACKGROUND: The impact of human activities on the environmental resistome has been documented in many studies, but there remains the controversial question of whether the increased antibiotic resistance observed in anthropogenically impacted environments is just a result of contamination by resistant fecal microbes or is mediated by indigenous environmental organisms. Here, to determine exactly how anthropogenic influences shape the environmental resistome, we resolved the microbiome, resistome, and mobilome of the planktonic microbial communities along a single river, the Han, which spans a gradient of human activities. RESULTS: The bloom of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was evident in the downstream regions and distinct successional dynamics of the river resistome occurred across the spatial continuum. We identified a number of widespread ARG sequences shared between the river, human gut, and pathogenic bacteria. These human-related ARGs were largely associated with mobile genetic elements rather than particular gut taxa and mainly responsible for anthropogenically driven bloom of the downstream river resistome. Furthermore, both sequence- and phenotype-based analyses revealed environmental relatives of clinically important proteobacteria as major carriers of these ARGs. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate a more nuanced view of the impact of anthropogenic activities on the river resistome: fecal contamination is present and allows the transmission of ARGs to the environmental resistome, but these mobile genes rather than resistant fecal bacteria proliferate in environmental relatives of their original hosts. Video abstract. | 2020 | 31910889 |
| 7657 | 17 | 0.9970 | Comparison of Fecal Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Captive and Wild Asian Elephants. The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) is a flagship species of tropical rainforests, and it has generated much concern. In this case, the gut bacterial communities of captive and wild Asian elephants are particularly noteworthy. We aim to compare the differences in bacterial diversity and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) subtypes in fecal samples of Asian elephants from different habitats, which may affect host health. Analyses reveal that differences in the dominant species of gut bacteria between captive and wild Asian elephants may result in significant differences in ARGs. Network analysis of bacterial communities in captive Asian elephants has identified potentially pathogenic species. Many negative correlations in network analysis suggest that different food sources may lead to differences in bacterial communities and ARGs. Results also indicate that the ARG levels in local captive breeding of Asian elephants are close to those of the wild type. However, we found that local captive elephants carry fewer ARG types than their wild counterparts. This study reveals the profile and relationship between bacterial communities and ARGs in different sources of Asian elephant feces, providing primary data for captive breeding and rescuing wild Asian elephants. | 2023 | 37237762 |
| 7175 | 18 | 0.9970 | Key Contribution and Risk of Airborne Antibiotic Resistance: Total Suspended Particles or Settled Dust? The atmosphere is an important environmental medium in spreading antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in animal farming systems, yet the exposure risks associated with airborne pathways remain underexplored. This study employed metagenomic sequencing to investigate the airborne transmission of AMR in chicken farms (i.e., chicken feces, total suspended particles (TSP), and dust) and its exposure risks on the gut and nasal cavities of workers, office staff, and nearby villagers. Results revealed that TSP exhibited greater abundance, diversity, and transfer potential of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) compared to dust. The abundance of airborne resistome decreased with distance from the chicken house, and ARGs were estimated to spread up to 9.48 km within 1 h. While the gut resistome of workers and villagers showed limited differences, emerging tet(X) variants and high-risk dfrA remain future concerns. More nasal resistome was attributable to TSP compared to dust. Workers faced significantly higher inhalable exposures to antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and human pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (HPARB), exceeding those of office staff and villagers by an order of magnitude. We also compiled lists of high-risk and potential-risk airborne ARGs to inform monitoring. These findings highlight the need for regular air disinfection in animal farms and better protective measures for workers. | 2025 | 40434009 |
| 7673 | 19 | 0.9970 | Effects of ex situ conservation on diversity and function of the gut microbiota of the Tibetan wild ass (Equus kiang). Ex situ conservation is the main method for the protection of endangered wildlife. To explore the effect of ex situ conservation on the gut microbiota of the kiang (Equus kiang), metagenomic sequencing combined with bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate the composition and function of the gut microbiota of the kiang. The results showed that ex situ conservation not only protected wildlife, but also affected the composition and function of gut microbiota, as well as the health of animals. In the zoo, the ratio of the relative abundance of Firmicutes to that of Bacteroidetes (F/B) is higher, clusters of potentially pathogenic bacteria (such as Catonella, Catonella, and Mycoplasma) are more numerous, the abundance of resistance genes is higher, and the abundance of metabolic functions is increased. The dynamic changes of the gut microbiota also played an important role in the nutritional absorption, energy metabolism, and environmental adaptation of the kiang. Improving the rearing environment and increasing food diversity play important roles for increasing the diversity of gut microbiota, reducing the spread of potentially pathogenic bacteria, and reducing diseases. In the wild, especially in winter and in food-deficient areas, food supplementation can enhance the gut microbial homeostasis of wild animals and reduce the impact of crises. In depth studies of the gut microbial function of wildlife have important implications for improving ex situ conservation. | 2023 | 37231976 |