CORYNEBACTERIUM - Word Related Documents




#
Rank
Similarity
Title + Abs.
Year
PMID
012345
637700.9918Comparative metagenomics and characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes in pasteurized and homemade fermented Arabian laban. The aim of this study was to investigate bacterial diversity and function in a fermented milk drink called laban, which is traditionally served in the Middle East, Africa, and Indian subcontinent. Pasteurized laban (LBP) and unpasteurized, homemade, raw laban (LBR) underwent 16S rRNA gene amplicon and shotgun sequencing to analyze their bacterial community, presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), and metabolic pathways. This study highlighted relatively greater diversity in LBR bacterial populations compared to LBP, despite containing similar major taxa that consisted primarily of Firmicutes followed by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. The dominant species, Streptococcus thermophilus, was relatively more abundant in LBP (80.7%) compared to LBR (47.9%). LBR had increased diversity and higher relative abundance of several known probiotic bacteria, such as Streptococcus salivarius and Lactococcus lactis, whereas Lactobacillus acidophilus was detected at a higher abundance in LBP. Pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Escherichia coli had lower abundance in LBP compared to LBR. Thirty-three ARGs were detected in LBR compared to nine in LBP and are responsible for resistance to 11 classes of antibiotics. A significant proportion of the metagenomes from both types of laban were assigned to housekeeping functions, such as amino acid metabolism, translation, membrane transport, and carbohydrate metabolism. LBR demonstrated increased diversity in probiotics and metabolic functions compared to LBP. However, the relatively high diversity of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria and ARGs in LBR raises safety concerns and highlights the need for a more hygienic environment for the processing of homemade fermented dairy foods.202033233218
717010.9912Effect of cattle farm exposure on oropharyngeal and gut microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes in workers. Livestock farms are recognized as the main sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) with potential implications for human health. In this study, we systematically analyzed microbiome composition, distribution of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the oropharynx and gut of workers in cattle farms and surrounding villagers, cattle feces and farm air, and the relationship of microbial communities among farm air, cattle feces and farmworkers (oropharynx and gut). Exposure to the farm environment may have remodeled farmworkers' oropharynx and gut microbiota, with reduced microbial diversity (P < 0.05) and enrichment of some opportunistic pathogenic bacteria like Shigella, Streptococcus, and Neisseria in the oropharynx. Meanwhile, compared with villagers, ARG abundance in oropharynx of farmworkers increased significantly (P < 0.05), but, no significant difference in gut (P > 0.05). Microbial composition and ARG profile in farmworkers might be influenced by working time and work type, ARG abundance in farmworkers' gut was positively correlated with working time (P < 0.01), and higher ARG abundance was found in the oropharynx of drovers. The network analysis revealed that 4 MGEs (tnpA-01, tnpA-04, Tp614, and IS613), 5 phyla (e.g. Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, and TM7), and 6 genera were significantly associated with 37 ARGs (ρ > 0.6, P < 0.01). Overall, our results indicated that farm exposure may have affected the microbial composition and increased ARG abundance of farmworkers. Transmission of some ARGs may have occurred among the environment, animals and humans via host bacteria, which might pose a potential threat to human health.202234600986
764020.9912Gut microbiome and antibiotic resistance genes in plateau model animal (Ochotona curzoniae) exhibit a relative stability under cold stress. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by gut pathogens may pose a threat to the host and ecological environment. However, few studies focus on the effects of cold stress on intestinal bacteria and ARGs in plateau animals. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gene chip technique to explore the difference of gut microbes and ARGs in plateau pika under 4 °C and 25 °C. The results showed that tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistance genes were the dominant ARGs in pika intestine. Seven kinds of high-risk ARGs (aadA-01, aadA-02, ermB, floR, mphA-01, mphA-02, tetM-02) existed in pika's intestine, and cold had no significant effect on the composition and structure of pika's intestinal ARGs. The dominant phyla in pika intestine were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Cold influenced 0.47 % of pika intestinal bacteria in OTU level, while most other bacteria had no significant change. The diversity and community assembly of intestinal bacteria in pika remained relatively stable under cold conditions, while low temperature decreased gut microbial network complexity. In addition, low temperature led to the enrichment of glycine biosynthesis and metabolism-related pathways. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that eight opportunistic pathogens (such as Clostridium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, etc.) detected in pika intestine might be potential hosts of ARGs.202439137548
766030.9909Metagenomic Insights into the Microbiome and Resistance Genes of Traditional Fermented Foods in Arabia. This study uncovered microbial communities and evaluated the microbiological safety of traditional fermented foods consumed in the Arab region. Samples of dairy and non-dairy fermented foods-mish, jibneh, zabadi, and pickles-were collected from local markets in Saudi Arabia. Using the MiSeq system, samples were sequenced using 16S amplicons and shotgun metagenomics. Alpha and beta diversity indicated inter- and intra-variation in the studied fermented foods' bacterial communities. In the case of mish, the replicates were clustered. Twenty-one genera were found to be significantly different (FDR < 0.05) in abundance in pairwise comparison of fermented foods. Five high-quality, metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus helveticus, Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens, Streptococcus thermophiles, and Lactobacillus acetotolerans were retrieved from the shotgun sequencing representing the dominant taxa in the studied fermented foods. Additionally, 33 genes that cause antimicrobial resistance (ARGs) against ten different antibiotic classes were detected. Metabolic pathways were abundant in the studied metagenomes, such as amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, cofactors, and vitamin biosynthesis. Metagenomic evaluation of Arabian fermented foods, including the identification of probiotics, pathogenic bacteria, and ARGs, illustrates the importance of microbiological analysis in evaluating their health effects.202337761051
707840.9908Airborne microbial communities in the atmospheric environment of urban hospitals in China. Clinically relevant antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bioaerosols have become a greater threat to public health. However, few reports have shown that ARB and ARGs were found in the atmosphere. High-throughput sequencing applied to environmental sciences has enhanced the exploration of microbial populations in atmospheric samples. Thus, five nosocomial bioaerosols were collected, and the dominant microbial and pathogenic microorganisms were identified by high-throughput sequencing in this study. The results suggested that the dominant microorganisms at the genus level were Massilia, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Methylophilus, Micrococcineae, and Corynebacterineae. The most abundant pathogenic microorganisms were Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Corynebacterium minutissimum, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Arcobacter butzleri, Aeromonas veronii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus. The relationship between microbial communities and environmental factors was evaluated with canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Meanwhile, differences in the pathogenic bacteria between bioaerosols and dust in a typical hospital was investigated. Furthermore, cultivable Staphylococcus isolates with multi-drug resistance phenotype (>3 antibiotics) in the inpatient departments were much higher than those in the transfusion area and out-patient departments, possibly attributed to the dense usage of antibiotics in inpatient departments. The results of this study might be helpful for scientifically air quality control in hospitals.201829414740
608050.9908Metagenomic Insights into the Taxonomic and Functional Features of Traditional Fermented Milk Products from Russia. Fermented milk products (FMPs) contain probiotics that are live bacteria considered to be beneficial to human health due to the production of various bioactive molecules. In this study, nine artisanal FMPs (kefir, ayran, khurunga, shubat, two cottage cheeses, bryndza, khuruud and suluguni-like cheese) from different regions of Russia were characterized using metagenomics. A metagenomic sequencing of ayran, khurunga, shubat, khuruud and suluguni-like cheese was performed for the first time. The taxonomic profiling of metagenomic reads revealed that Lactococcus species, such as Lc. lactis and Lc. cremoris prevailed in khuruud, bryndza, one sample of cottage cheese and khurunga. The latter one together with suluguni-like cheese microbiome was dominated by bacteria, affiliated to Lactobacillus helveticus (32-35%). In addition, a high proportion of sequences belonging to the genera Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Streptococcus but not classified at the species level were found in the suluguni-like cheese. Lactobacillus delbrueckii, as well as Streptococcus thermophilus constituted the majority in another cottage cheese, kefir and ayran metagenomes. The microbiome of shubat, produced from camel's milk, was significantly distinctive, and Lentilactobacillus kefiri, Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens and Bifidobacterium mongoliense represented the dominant components (42, 7.4 and 5.6%, respectively). In total, 78 metagenome-assembled genomes with a completeness ≥ 50.2% and a contamination ≤ 8.5% were recovered: 61 genomes were assigned to the Enterococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae and Streptococcaceae families (the Lactobacillales order within Firmicutes), 4 to Bifidobacteriaceae (the Actinobacteriota phylum) and 2 to Acetobacteraceae (the Proteobacteria phylum). A metagenomic analysis revealed numerous genes, from 161 to 1301 in different products, encoding glycoside hydrolases and glycosyltransferases predicted to participate in lactose, alpha-glucans and peptidoglycan hydrolysis as well as exopolysaccharides synthesis. A large number of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, such as lanthipeptides, unclassified bacteriocins, nonribosomal peptides and polyketide synthases were also detected. Finally, the genes involved in the synthesis of bioactive compounds like β-lactones, terpenes and furans, nontypical for fermented milk products, were also found. The metagenomes of kefir, ayran and shubat was shown to contain either no or a very low count of antibiotic resistance genes. Altogether, our results show that traditional indigenous fermented products are a promising source of novel probiotic bacteria with beneficial properties for medical and food industries.202338276185
716060.9907High-throughput profiling of antibiotic resistance genes in the Yellow River of Henan Province, China. Profiling antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the Yellow River of China's Henan Province is essential for understanding the health risks of antibiotic resistance. The profiling of ARGs was investigated using high-throughput qPCR from water samples in seven representative regions of the Yellow River. The absolute and relative abundances of ARGs and moble genetic elements (MGEs) were higher in summer than in winter (ANOVA, p < 0.001). The diversity and abundance of ARGs were higher in the Yellow River samples from PY and KF than the other sites. Temperature (r = 0.470 ~ 0.805, p < 0.05) and precipitation (r = 0.492 ~ 0.815, p < 0.05) positively influenced the ARGs, while pH had a negative effect (r = - 0.462 ~ - 0.849, p < 0.05). Network analysis indicated that the pathogenic bacteria Rahnella, Bacillus, and Shewanella were the possible hub hosts of ARGs, and tnpA1 was the potential MGE hub. These findings provide insights into the factors influencing ARG dynamics and the complex interaction among the MGEs, pathogenic bacteria and environmental parameters in enriching ARGs in the Yellow River of Henan Province.202439080455
774070.9907Diversity, functions, and antibiotic resistance genes of bacteria and fungi are examined in the bamboo plant phyllosphere that serve as food for the giant pandas. The phyllosphere of bamboo is rich in microorganisms that can disrupt the intestinal microbiota of the giant pandas that consume them, potentially leading to their death. In the present study, the abundance, diversity, biological functions (e.g., KEGG and CAZyme), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of bacteria and fungi in two bamboo species phyllosphere (Chimonobambusa szechuanensis, CS; Bashania fangiana, BF) in Daxiangling Nature Reserve (an important part of the Giant Panda National Park) were investigated respectively by amplicon sequencing of the whole 16S rRNA and ITS1-ITS2 genes on PacBio Sequel and whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing on Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. The results suggested that there were respectively 18 bacterial and 34 fungi biomarkers between the phyllosphere of the two species of bamboo. Beta diversity of bacteria and fungi communities exited between the two bamboos according to the (un)weighted UniFrac distance matrix. Moreover, the functional analysis showed that the largest relative abundance was found in the genes related to metabolism and global and overview maps. Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) and glycosyl transferases (GTs) have a higher abundance in two bamboo phyllospheres. Co-occurrence network modeling suggested that bacteria and fungi communities in CS phyllosphere employed a much more complex metabolic network than that in BF, and the abundance of multidrug, tetracycline, and glycopeptide resistance genes was higher and closely correlated with other ARGs. This study references the basis for protecting bamboo resources foraged by wild giant pandas and predicts the risk of antibiotic resistance in bamboo phyllosphere bacterial and fungal microbiota in the Giant Panda National Park, China.202539168909
349980.9907Diverse and abundant antibiotic resistance genes in mangrove area and their relationship with bacterial communities - A study in Hainan Island, China. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants in the environment and have been highlighted as a worldwide environmental and health concern. As important participants in the biogeochemical cycles, mangrove ecosystems are subject to various anthropogenic disturbances, and its microbiota may be affected by various contaminants such as ARGs. This study selected 13 transects of mangrove-covered areas in Hainan, China for sediment sample collection. The abundance and diversity of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were investigated using high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR), and high-throughput sequencing was used to study microbial structure and diversity. A total of 179 ARGs belonging to 9 ARG types were detected in the study area, and the detection rates of vanXD and vatE-01 were 100%. The abundance of ARGs was 8.30 × 10(7)-6.88 × 10(8) copies per g sediment (1.27 × 10(-2)-3.39 × 10(-2) copies per 16S rRNA gene), which was higher than similar studies, and there were differences in the abundance of ARGs in these sampling transects. The multidrug resistance genes (MRGs) accounted for the highest proportion (69.0%), which indicates that the contamination of ARGs in the study area was very complicated. The ARGs significantly positively correlated with MGEs, which showed that the high level of ARGs was related to its self-enhancement. The dominant bacteria at the genus level were Desulfococcus, Clostridium, Rhodoplanes, Bacillus, Vibrio, Enterococcus, Sedimentibacter, Pseudoalteromonas, Paracoccus, Oscillospira, Mariprofundus, Sulfurimonas, Aminobacterium, and Novosphingobium. There was a significant positive correlation between 133 bacterial genera and some ARGs. Chthoniobacter, Flavisolibacter, Formivibrio, Kaistia, Moryella, MSBL3, Perlucidibaca, and Zhouia were the main potential hosts of ARGs in the sediments of Hainan mangrove area, and many of these bacteria are important participants in biogeochemical cycles. The results contribute to our understanding of the distribution and potential hosts of ARGs and provide a scientific basis for the protection and management of Hainan mangrove ecosystem.202133652188
764690.9906Assessment of Bacterial Community and Other Microorganism Along the Lam Takhong Watercourse, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. Lam Takhong, a vital watercourse in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand, supports agricultural, recreational, and urban activities. Originating in a national park, it flows through urban areas before discharging into a dam and running off via the sluice gate. While water quality monitoring is routine, microbial community data have never been reported. This study assesses the microorganism diversity and functional genes in Lam Takhong watercourse using a shotgun sequencing metagenomics approach. Water samples were collected from the upstream, midstream, and downstream sections. The midstream area exhibited the highest abundance of fecal coliform bacteria, plankton, and benthos, suggesting elevated pollution levels. Genes related to metabolism, particularly carbohydrate and amino acid pathways, were predominant. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum found in the water, with Limnohabitans as the dominant planktonic bacteria. Bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Mycobacterium, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, Neisseria, Streptomyces, and Salmonella were detected, along with antibiotic resistance genes, raising public health concerns. These findings emphasize the need for microbial monitoring in the Lam Takhong to determine the potential water quality bioindicator and prevent potential disease spread through the water system.202540244481
6967100.9906Effects of Pyroligneous Acid on Diversity and Dynamics of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Alfalfa Silage. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are recognized as contaminants due to their potential risk for human and environment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of pyroligneous acid (PA), a waste of biochar production, on fermentation characteristics, diversity, and dynamics of ARGs during ensiling of alfalfa using metagenomic analysis. The results indicated that PA decreased (P < 0.05) dry matter loss, pH value, gas production, coliform bacteria count, protease activity, and nonprotein-N, ammonia-N, and butyric acid contents and increased (P < 0.05) lactic acid content during ensiling. During fermentation, Bacteria, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillus were the most abundant at kingdom, phylum, and genus levels, respectively. Pyroligneous acid reduced the relative abundance of Bacteria and Firmicutes and increased that of Lactobacillus. The detected ARGs belonged to 36 drug classes, including mainly macrolides, tetracycline, lincosamides, and phenicol. These types of ARGs decreased during fermentation and were further reduced by PA. These types of ARGs were positively correlated (P < 0.05) with fermentation parameters like pH value and ammonia-N content and with bacterial communities. At the genus level, the top several drug classes, including macrolide, tetracycline, lincosamide, phenicol, oxazolidinone, streptogramin, pleuromutilin, and glycopeptide, were positively correlated with Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Listeria, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Clostridium, and Enterobacter, the potential hosts of ARGs. Overall, ARGs in alfalfa silage were abundant and were influenced by the fermentation parameters and microbial community composition. Ensiling could be a feasible way to mitigate ARGs in forages. The addition of PA could not only improve fermentation quality but also reduce ARG pollution of alfalfa silage. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are considered environmental pollutants posing a potential human health risk. Silage is an important and traditional feed, mainly for ruminants. ARGs in silages might influence the diversity and distribution of ARGs in animal intestinal and feces and then the manure and the manured soil. However, the diversity and dynamics of ARGs in silage during fermentation are still unknown. We ensiled alfalfa, one of the most widely used forages, with or without pyroligneous acid (PA), which was proved to have the ability to reduce ARGs in soils. The results showed that ARGs in alfalfa silage were abundant and were influenced by the fermentation parameters and microbial community. The majority of ARGs in alfalfa silage reduced during fermentation. The addition of PA could improve silage quality and reduce ARG pollution in alfalfa silage. This study can provide useful information for understanding and controlling ARG pollution in animal production.202235862964
3228110.9905Differences in Gut Microbiome Composition and Antibiotic Resistance Gene Distribution between Chinese and Pakistani University Students from a Common Peer Group. Gut microbiomes play important functional roles in human health and are also affected by many factors. However, few studies concentrate on gut microbiomes under exercise intervention. Additionally, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by gut microbiomes may constantly pose a threat to human health. Here, ARGs and microbiomes of Chinese and Pakistanis participants were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR techniques. The exercise had no impact on gut microbiomes in the 12 individuals investigated during the observation period, while the different distribution of gut microbiomes was found in distinct nationalities. Overall, the dominant microbial phyla in the participants' gut were Bacteroidota, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Some genera such as Prevotella and Dialister were more abundant in Pakistani participants and some other genera such as Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were more abundant in Chinese participants. The microbial diversity in Chinese was higher than that in Pakistanis. Furthermore, microbial community structures were also different between Chinese and Pakistanis. For ARGs, the distribution of all detected ARGs is not distinct at each time point. Among these ARGs, floR was distributed differently in Chinese and Pakistani participants, and some ARGs such as tetQ and sul2 are positively correlated with several dominant microbiomes, particularly Bacteroidota and Firmicutes bacteria that did not fluctuate over time.202134072124
7163120.9905Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial pathogens in long-term manured greenhouse soils as revealed by metagenomic survey. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), human pathogenic bacteria (HPB), and HPB carrying ARGs pose a high risk to soil ecology and public health. Here, we used a metagenomic approach to investigate their diversity and abundance in chicken manures and greenhouse soils collected from Guli, Pulangke, and Hushu vegetable bases with different greenhouse planting years in Nanjing, Eastern China. There was a positive correlation between the levels of antibiotics, ARGs, HPB, and HPB carrying ARGs in manures and greenhouse soils. In total, 156.2–5001.4 μg/kg of antibiotic residues, 22 classes of ARGs, 32 HPB species, and 46 species of HPB carrying ARGs were found. The highest relative abundance was tetracycline resistance genes (manures) and multidrug resistance genes (greenhouse soils). The dominant HPB and HPB carrying ARGs in the manures were Bacillus anthracis, Bordetella pertussis, and B. anthracis (sulfonamide resistance gene, sul1), respectively. The corresponding findings in greenhouse soils were Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. ulcerans, M. tuberculosis (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin resistance protein, MLSRP), and B. anthracis (sul1), respectively. Our findings confirmed high levels of antibiotics, ARGs, HPB, and HPB carrying ARGs in the manured greenhouse soils compared with those in the field soils, and their relative abundance increased with the extension of greenhouse planting years.201525514174
3078130.9905Microbiome of Dipteran vectors associated with integron and antibiotic resistance genes in South Korea. The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) across the environment and the role that organisms that interact with humans play as reservoirs of resistant bacteria pose important threats to public health. Flies are two-winged insects composing the order Diptera, which includes synanthropic species with significant ecological roles as pollinators, vectors, and decomposers. Here, we used iSeq100 metabarcoding to characterize the microbiome of six dipteran species in South Korea: Lucilia sericata, Lucilia illustris, Culex pipiens, Aedes vexans, Psychoda alternata and Clogmia albipunctata. We profiled a panel of common ARGs and performed correlation network analysis of the microbiome and resistome to identify co-occurrence patterns of bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and resistance genes. We detected blaTEM, ermB, tetB, tetC, aac(6')-Ib-cr, cat2, sul1, qepA, int1 and int2, but no blaSHV, mecA, tetA or cat1. Notably, co-occurrence analysis showed highly mobile genes such as qepA, ermB and sul1 were associated with integron of class 1 integrase presence. These, along with aac(6')-Ib-cr were detected at higher rates across multiple species. Microbiome composition was distinct across species. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, Clostridium, Ignatzschineria, Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Treponema and Dietzia showed strong co-occurrence with multiple ARGs. This study contributes to the understanding of the role of dipterans as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance.202541046045
8010140.9904Co-occurrence pattern of ARGs and N-functional genes in the aerobic composting system with initial elevated temperature. Animal manure is known to harbor antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Aerobic composting is a prevalent cost-effective and sustainable method to treat animal waste. However, the effect of initially elevated temperature on antibiotic resistome during the composting process is unclear. In this study composting was subjected to initial external heating (EHC) for a period of 5 days compared to conventional composting (CC). After composting ARGs abundance was significantly reduced by 2.43 log in EHC and 1.95 log in CC. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) also exhibited a reduction of 1.95 log in EHC and 1.49 log in CC. However, during the cooling phase, the genes resisting macrolide lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLSB) rebounded by 0.04 log in CC. The potential human pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas (41.5-61.5%) and Actinobacteria (98.4-98.8%) were significantly reduced in both treatments and the bulk of targeted antibiotics were eliminated by 80.74% in EHC and 68.98% in CC. ARGs and N-functional genes (NFGs), mainly denitrification genes, were carried by the same microbial species, such as Corynebacterium sp. and Bacillus sp., of the dominant phylum. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that CC microbial communities played a key role in the enrichment of ARGs while in EHC the variation of ARGs was attributed to the composting temperature. The number of high-risk ARGs was also lower in EHC (4) compared with CC (6) on day 30. These results provide insight into the effects of an initially enhanced temperature on ARGs removal and the relationship between ARGs and NFGs during the composting process.202337229868
6076150.9904Isolation and identification of mucin-degrading bacteria originated from human faeces and their potential probiotic efficacy according to host-microbiome enterotype. AIM: Mucin-degrading bacteria are known to be beneficial for gut health. We aimed to isolate human-derived mucin-degrading bacteria and identify potential probiotic characteristics and their effects on the bacterial community and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production according to three different enterotypes of the host. METHODS AND RESULTS: Bacteria with mucin decomposition ability from human faeces were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF. Heat resistance, acid resistance, antibiotic resistance, and antibacterial activity were analysed in the selected bacteria. Their adhesion capability to the Caco-2 cell was determined by scanning electron microscopy. Their ability to alter the bacterial community and SCFA production of the isolated bacteria was investigated in three enterotypes. The three isolated strains were Bifidobacterium(Bif.) animalis SPM01 (CP001606.1, 99%), Bif. longum SPM02 (NR_043437.1, 99%), and Limosilactobacillus(L.) reuteri SPM03 (CP000705.1, 99%) deposited in Korean Collection for Type Culture (KCTC-18958P). Among them, Bif. animalis exhibited the highest mucin degrading ability. They exhibited strong resistance to acidic conditions, moderate resistance to heat, and the ability to adhere tightly to Caco-2 cells. Three isolated mucin-degrading bacteria incubation increased Lactobacillus in the faecal bacteria from Bacteroides and Prevotella enterotypes. However, only L. reuteri elevated Lactobacillus in the faecal bacteria from the Ruminococcus enterotype. B. longum and B. animalis increased the α-diversity in the Ruminococcus enterotype, while their incubation with other intestinal types decreased the α-diversity. Bifidobacterium animalis and L. reuteri increased the butyric acid level in faecal bacteria from the Prevotella enterotype, and L. reuteri elevated the acetic acid level in those from the Ruminococcus enterotype. However, the overall SCFA changes were minimal. CONCLUSIONS: The isolated mucin-degrading bacteria act as probiotics and modulate gut microbiota and SCFA production differently according to the host's enterotypes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: Probiotics need to be personalized according to the enterotypes in clinical application.202235365862
7047160.9904Characteristics of airborne bacterial communities and antibiotic resistance genes under different air quality levels. Pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bioaerosols are major threats to human health. In this study, the microbial community structure and ARG distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria in total suspended particulates (TSP) and PM(2.5) were investigated under different air quality levels in Xinxiang, Central China. The results revealed that with the deterioration of air quality, the concentrations of airborne bacteria in both TSP and PM(2.5) decreased; however, the relative amounts of pathogenic bacteria increased. The predominant genera in pathogenic bacteria of Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Corynebacterium, Rhodococcus, and Staphylococcus were identified in both TSP and PM(2.5). Although the airborne bacteria concentrations and absolute abundances of ARGs in TSP were higher than those in PM(2.5) under identical air quality conditions, the bacterial community structure and relative amounts of pathogenic bacteria were similar. In addition, the relationship between environmental factors of ions, metal elements, and meteorological parameters and the community structures of airborne bacteria and pathogenic bacteria were also analyzed. The effects of soluble ions and metal elements on several dominant genera of total bacteria and pathogenic bacteria differed, probably due to the strong tolerance of pathogenic bacteria to harsh atmospheric environments Different subtypes of ARGs showed various distribution characteristics with variations in air quality. The deterioration of air quality can inhibit the dissemination of ARGs, as the minimum values of all ARGs and class 1 integrase intI1 were observed under Severely Polluted conditions. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the effect of air pollution levels on the airborne bacteria community composition and ARG distribution.202235180669
6380170.9904Seasonal dynamics of anammox bacteria in estuarial sediment of the Mai Po Nature Reserve revealed by analyzing the 16S rRNA and hydrazine oxidoreductase (hzo) genes. The community and population dynamics of anammox bacteria in summer (wet) and winter (dry) seasons in estuarial mudflat sediment of the Mai Po Nature Reserve were investigated by 16S rRNA and hydrazine oxidoreductase (hzo) genes. 16S rRNA phylogenetic diversity showed that sequences related to 'Kuenenia' anammox bacteria were presented in summer but not winter while 'Scalindua' anammox bacteria occurred in both seasons and could be divided into six different clusters. Compared to the 16S rRNA genes, the hzo genes revealed a relatively uniform seasonal diversity, with sequences relating to 'Scalindua', 'Anammoxoglobus', and planctomycete KSU-1 found in both seasons. The seasonal specific bacterial groups and diversity based on the 16S rRNA and hzo genes indicated strong seasonal community structures in estuary sediment of this site. Furthermore, the higher abundance of hzo genes in summer than winter indicates clear seasonal population dynamics. Combining the physicochemical characteristics of estuary sediment in the two seasons and their correlations with anammox bacteria community structure, we proposed the strong seasonal dynamics in estuary sediment of Mai Po to be due to the anthropogenic and terrestrial inputs, especially in summer, which brings in freshwater anammox bacteria, such as 'Kuenenia', interacting with the coastal marine anammox bacteria 'Scalindua'.201121487198
8069180.9904Responsive change of crop-specific soil bacterial community to cadmium in farmlands surrounding mine area of Southeast China. In arable soils co-influenced by mining and farming, soil bacteria significantly affect metal (Cadmium, Cd) bioavailability and accumulation. To reveal the soil microecology response under this co-influence, three intersection areas (cornfield, vegetable field, and paddy field) were investigated. With a similar nutrient condition, the soils showed varied Cd levels (0.31-7.70 mg/kg), which was negatively related to the distance from mining water flow. Different soils showed varied microbial community structures, which were dominated by Chloroflexi (19.64-24.82%), Actinobacteria (15.49-31.96%), Acidobacteriota (9.46-20.31%), and Proteobacteria (11.88-14.57%) phyla. A strong correlation was observed between functional microbial taxon (e. g. Acidobacteriota), soil physicochemical properties, and Cd contents. The relative abundance of tolerant bacteria including Vicinamibacteraceae, Knoellia, Ardenticatenales, Lysobacter, etc. elevated with the increase of Cd, which contributed to the enrichment of heavy metal resistance genes (HRGs) and integration genes (intlI), thus enhancing the resistance to heavy metal pollution. Cd content rather than crop species was identified as the dominant factor that influenced the bacterial community. Nevertheless, the peculiar agrotype of the paddy field contributed to its higher HRGs and intlI abundance. These results provided fundamental information about the crop-specific physiochemical-bacterial interaction, which was helpful to evaluate agricultural environmental risk around the intersection of farmland and pollution sources.202235750128
3064190.9904High Diversity but Monodominance of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Developing GVHD Are Not Associated with Changes in Gut Mycobiome. Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a severe complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Our study focused on identifying multidrug-resistant (MDR) gut bacteria associated with GvHD-prone guts and association with gut microbiota (GM) diversity, bacteriome, and mycobiome composition in post-HSCT patients. We examined 11 pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), including six with GvHD, within three time points: seven days pre-HSCT, seven days post-, and 28 days post-HSCT. The gut microbiome and its resistome were investigated using metagenomic sequencing, taxonomically classified with Kraken2, and statistically evaluated for significance using appropriate tests. We observed an increase in the abundance of MDR bacteria, mainly Enterococcus faecium strains carrying msr(C), erm(T), aac(6')-li, dfrG, and ant(6)-la genes, in GvHD patients one week post-HSCT. Conversely, non-GvHD patients had more MDR beneficial bacteria pre-HSCT, promoting immunosurveillance, with resistance genes increasing one-month post-HSCT. MDR beneficial bacteria included the anti-inflammatory Bacteroides fragilis, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Turicibacter, while most MDR bacteria represented the dominant species of GM. Changes in the gut mycobiome were not associated with MDR bacterial monodominance or GvHD. Significant α-diversity decline (Shannon index) one week and one month post-HSCT in GvHD patients (p < 0.05) was accompanied by increased Pseudomonadota and decreased Bacteroidota post-HSCT. Our findings suggest that MDR commensal gut bacteria may preserve diversity and enhance immunosurveillance, potentially preventing GvHD in pediatric ALL patients undergoing HSCT. This observation has therapeutic implications.202338136701