# | Rank | Similarity | Title + Abs. | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 2525 | 0 | 0.9921 | Review of antimicrobial resistance surveillance programmes in livestock and meat in EU with focus on humans. OBJECTIVES: In this review, we describe surveillance programmes reporting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and resistance genes in bacterial isolates from livestock and meat and compare them with those relevant for human health. METHODS: Publications on AMR in European countries were assessed. PubMed was reviewed and AMR monitoring programmes were identified from reports retrieved by Internet searches and by contacting national authorities in EU/European Economic Area (EEA) member states. RESULTS: Three types of systems were identified: EU programmes, industry-funded supranational programmes and national surveillance systems. The mandatory EU-financed programme has led to some harmonization in national monitoring and provides relevant information on AMR and extended-spectrum β-lactamase/AmpC- and carbapenemase-producing bacteria. At the national level, AMR surveillance systems in livestock apply heterogeneous sampling, testing and reporting modalities, resulting in results that cannot be compared. Most reports are not publicly available or are written in a local language. The industry-funded monitoring systems undertaken by the Centre Européen d'Etudes pour la Santé Animale (CEESA) examines AMR in bacteria in food-producing animals. CONCLUSIONS: Characterization of AMR genes in livestock is applied heterogeneously among countries. Most antibiotics of human interest are included in animal surveillance, although results are difficult to compare as a result of lack of representativeness of animal samples. We suggest that EU/EEA countries provide better uniform AMR monitoring and reporting in livestock and link them better to surveillance systems in humans. Reducing the delay between data collection and publication is also important to allow prompt identification of new resistance patterns. | 2018 | 28970159 |
| 2526 | 1 | 0.9917 | Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from peridomestic Rattus species: A scoping literature review. Rattus spp. may acquire and disseminate antimicrobial resistant bacteria or antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. We conducted a scoping review to synthesize available research findings on AMR in Rattus spp. and to describe the size and scope of available literature on AMR epidemiology in Rattus spp. The review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search focused on scientific peer-reviewed publications focusing on AMR in peridomestic Rattus spp. The review was limited to publications in English available in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus between 2000 and 2021. The results were summarized descriptively. Thirty-four studies conducted in twenty-one countries were included in this scoping review. Twelve bacterial species with AMR were identified with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus being the two most commonly reported. The resistant bacteria were isolated from species of peridomestic Rattus spp. in which R. norvegicus and R. rattus were the two most commonly studied. Rats were also found to carry multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria including extended-spectrum beta (β)-lactamase (ESBL), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CoRE), and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). This scoping review suggests that peridomestic Rattus spp. can carry multiple antimicrobial resistant bacteria, indicating their potential to serve as reservoirs and spreaders of AMR thus posing a threat to human and animal health. | 2023 | 37363213 |
| 2538 | 2 | 0.9917 | Passenger pathogens on physicians. BACKGROUND: Hospital acquired infections pose a significant risk for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes contributes to prevalence of multidrug-resistant infections in this patient population. METHODS: At an academic bone marrow transplantation center, we performed whole genome DNA sequencing (WGS) on commonly used physician items, including badges, stethoscopes, soles of shoes, and smart phones from 6 physicians. Data were analyzed to determine antimicrobial resistance and virulence factor genes. RESULTS: A total of 1,126 unique bacterial species, 495 distinct bacteriophages, 91 unique DNA viruses, and 175 fungal species were observed. Every item contained bacteria with antibiotic and/or antiseptic resistance genes. Stethoscopes contained greatest frequency of antibiotic resistance and more plasmid-carriage of antibiotic resistance. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that physician examination tools and personal items possess potentially pathogenic microbes. Infection prevention policies must consider availability of resources to clean physical examination tools as well as provider awareness when enacting hospital policies. Additionally, the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes (eg, encoding resistance to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, and quinolones) reinforces need for antimicrobial stewardship, including for immunocompromised patients. Further research is needed to assess whether minute quantities of microbes on physician objects detectable by WGS represents clinically significant inoculums for immunocompromised patients. | 2023 | 36306861 |
| 2261 | 3 | 0.9913 | Emergence of drug resistant bacteria at the Hajj: A systematic review. BACKGROUND: Hajj is the annual mass gathering of Muslims, and is a reservoir and potential source of bacterial transmission. The emergence of bacterial transmission, including multi-drug resistance (MDR) bacteria, during Hajj has not been systematically assessed. METHODS: Articles in Pubmed, Scopus, and Google scholar were identified using controlled words relating to antibiotic resistance (AR) at the Hajj from January 2002 to January 2017. Eligible studies were identified by two researchers. AR patterns of bacteria were obtained for each study. RESULTS: We included 31 publications involving pilgrims, Hajj workers or local patients attending hospitals in Mecca, Mina, and the Medina area. Most of these publications provided antibiotic susceptibility results. Ten of them used the PCR approach to identify AR genes. MRSA carriage was reported in pilgrims and food handlers at a rate of 20%. Low rates of vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria were reported in pilgrims and patients. The prevalence of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant bacteria was common in the Hajj region. Across all studies, carbapenem-resistant bacteria were detected in fewer than 10% of E.coli isolates tested but up to 100% in K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii. Colistin-resistant Salmonella enterica, including mcr-1 colistin-resistant E.coli and K.pneumoniae were only detected in the pilgrim cohorts. CONCLUSION: This study provides an overview of the prevalence of MDR bacteria at the Hajj. Pilgrims are at high risk of AR bacterial transmission and may carry and transfer these bacteria when returning to their home countries. Thus, pilgrims should be instructed by health care practitioners about hygiene practices aiming at reducing traveler's diarrhea and limited use of antibiotics during travel in order to reduce the risk of MDR bacterial transmission. | 2017 | 28652197 |
| 5104 | 4 | 0.9913 | Microbial communities, antibiotic resistance genes, and virulence factors in urinary infectious stone-associated urinary tract infections. Urinary infectious stones are challenging due to bacterial involvement, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of these conditions. Antibiotic-resistant urease-producing bacteria further complicate clinical management. In this study, analysis of urine and stone samples from urinary tract infection (UTI) patients revealed microbial shifts, gene enrichment in stones, and metabolic pathway disparities; antibiotic resistance gene trends were phylum-specific, urease-producing bacteria are at risk of acquiring AMR carried by Enterobacteriaceae under antibiotic, emphasizing potential AMR dissemination between them; Correlations of key pathogenic species in kidney stone and urine microbial communities highlight the need for targeted therapeutic strategies to manage complexities in UTIs; Stones and urine contain a variety of deleterious genes even before antibiotic use, and piperacillin/tazobactam better reduced the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in stones and urine. The presence of diverse antibiotic resistance and virulence genes underscores challenges in clinical management and emphasizes the need for effective treatment strategies to mitigate risks associated with UTIs and urinary infectious stone formation. Ongoing research is vital for advancing knowledge and developing innovative approaches to address these urological conditions. | 2024 | 38874649 |
| 5608 | 5 | 0.9912 | Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance in bacteria from daycare centres in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. BACKGROUND: Antibiotic resistance is an escalating global health issue, with particularly severe implications in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Nigeria. This study examines antibiotic-resistant bacteria's prevalence and molecular characteristics in daycare centres in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, where high antibiotic use and limited infection control measures present significant challenges. METHODS: Between November 2017 and July 2019, samples were collected from 20 daycare centres, including swabs from fomites and children. Bacterial isolates were identified and assessed for antibiotic susceptibility using standard methods. Molecular techniques, including PCR, were employed to detect resistance genes such as blaSHV, tetA, dfr1 and mecA. RESULTS: The study found high resistance levels among common pathogens, with S. aureus and other staphylococci showing significant resistance to ampicillin and Augmentin and Gram-negative bacteria exhibiting broad resistance patterns. Resistance genes, including blaSHV and mecA, were identified in multiple isolates, indicating the spread of crucial resistance mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the critical need for improved surveillance, targeted antimicrobial stewardship and enhanced infection control practices in daycare centres to address the growing threat of antibiotic resistance. This research offers valuable insights into resistance dynamics in paediatric settings and supports the development of strategies to manage the spread of resistant bacteria in LMIC contexts. | 2025 | 39737335 |
| 1745 | 6 | 0.9911 | Enteric Infections Circulating during Hajj Seasons, 2011-2013. Hajj, the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, is a unique mass gathering event that raises public health concerns in the host country and globally. Although gastroenteritis and diarrhea are common among Hajj pilgrims, the microbial etiologies of these infections are unknown. We collected 544 fecal samples from pilgrims with medically attended diarrheal illness from 40 countries during the 2011-2013 Hajj seasons and screened the samples for 16 pathogens commonly associated with diarrheal infections. Bacteria were the main agents detected, in 82.9% of the 228 positive samples, followed by viral (6.1%) and parasitic (5.3%) agents. Salmonella spp., Shigella/enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, and enterotoxigenic E. coli were the main pathogens associated with severe symptoms. We identified genes associated with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins ≈40% of Salmonella- and E. coli-positive samples. Hajj-associated foodborne infections pose a major public health risk through the emergence and transmission of antimicrobial drug-resistant bacteria. | 2017 | 28930004 |
| 2486 | 7 | 0.9911 | Virulence-associated genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns in bacteria isolated from pregnant and nonpregnant women with urinary tract infections: the risk of neonatal sepsis. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is classified as the major causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs). UPEC virulence and antibiotic resistance can lead to complications in pregnant women and (or) newborns. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the etiological agents of UTIs, as well as to identify genes related to virulence factors in bacteria isolated from pregnant and nonpregnant women. A total of 4506 urine samples were collected from pregnant and nonpregnant women. Urine cultures were performed, and PCR was used to identify phylogroups and virulence-related genes. Antibiotic resistance profiles were determined. The incidence of UTIs was 6.9% (pregnant women, n = 206 and nonpregnant women, n = 57), and UPEC belonging to phylogroup A was the most prevalent. The presence of genes related to capsular protection, adhesins, iron acquisition, and serum protection in UPEC was associated with not being pregnant, while the presence of genes related to adhesins was associated with pregnancy. Bacteria isolated from nonpregnant women were more resistant to antibiotics; 36.5% were multidrug resistant, and 34.9% were extensively drug resistant. Finally, UTIs were associated with neonatal sepsis risk, particularly in pregnant women who underwent cesarean section while having a UTI caused by E. coli. In conclusion, UPEC isolated from nonpregnant women carried more virulence factors than those isolated from pregnant women, and maternal UTIs were associated with neonatal sepsis risk. | 2023 | 37815047 |
| 2510 | 8 | 0.9911 | Diagnosis of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens of Pneumonia. Hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia that are caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens represent a common and severe problem with increased mortality. Accurate diagnosis is essential to initiate appropriate antimicrobial therapy promptly while simultaneously avoiding antibiotic overuse and subsequent antibiotic resistance. Here, we discuss the main conventional phenotypic diagnostic tests and the advanced molecular tests that are currently available to diagnose the primary MDR pathogens and the resistance genes causing pneumonia. | 2021 | 34943524 |
| 5522 | 9 | 0.9910 | Drug resistance and virulence-associated genes screening in Salmonella enterica isolated from Caspian pony, Iran. The most serious problem in public health is salmonellosis, a common disease in horse. The aim of this study was to investigate the shedding of Salmonella serotypes in healthy Caspian pony. We examined 143 pony's fecal samples collected from the north of Iran belonging to different ages and sexes. Samples were cultured, then identification of isolates were performed by common bacteriological methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR was also used to explore the presence of fimA and salmonella secreted effector L (SseL) genes as virulence factors in the isolates and all were assigned to antibiotic susceptibility test via disc diffusion method. Results showed two fecal samples (1.39%) contaminated with Salmonella and further examination demonstrated the isolates belonging to S. enterica serotype typhimurium. Both serotypes were isolated from female and ˂6 years of age group of ponies and we detected fimA and SseL genes in the isolates. Observing multiple drug resistance and virulence genes in isolates is of utmost importance from both clinical and public health perspectives. It is highly likely that we face instances of salmonellosis in animals or humans that lead to severe infections and fail to respond to treatment in future. This study revealed that the occurrence of Salmonella was low in ponies, however, regarding the presence of virulence factors with multidrug resistant trend in this zoonotic bacterium, establishment of good hygienic measurement to prevent the transmission of bacteria between animal and human is necessary. | 2024 | 39564468 |
| 2599 | 10 | 0.9910 | Evaluation of whole-genome sequencing protocols for detection of antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors and mobile genetic elements in antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Introduction. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical threat to global health, underscoring the need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) are listed among the World Health Organization's priority pathogens.Hypothesis. A rapid nanopore-based protocol can accurately and efficiently detect AMR genes, virulence factors (VFs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in MRSA and ESBL-Kp, offering performance comparable to or superior to traditional sequencing methods.Aim. Evaluate whole-genome sequencing (WGS) protocols for detecting AMR genes, VFs and MGEs in MRSA and ESBL-Kp, to identify the most accurate and efficient tool for pathogen profiling.Methodology. Five distinct WGS protocols, including a rapid nanopore-based protocol (ONT20h) and four slower sequencing methods, were evaluated for their effectiveness in detecting genetic markers. The protocols' performances were compared across AMR genes, VFs and MGEs. Additionally, phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to assess concordance with the genomic findings.Results. Compared to four slower sequencing protocols, the rapid nanopore-based protocol (ONT20h) demonstrated comparable or superior performance in AMR gene detection and equivalent VF identification. Although MGE detection varied among protocols, ONT20h showed a high level of agreement with phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Conclusion. The findings highlight the potential of rapid WGS as a valuable tool for clinical microbiology, enabling timely implementation of infection control measures and informed therapeutic decisions. However, further studies are required to optimize the clinical application of this technology, considering costs, availability of bioinformatics tools and quality of reference databases. | 2025 | 40105741 |
| 2535 | 11 | 0.9910 | Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Genes in Cats and Dogs and Their Zoonotic Transmission Risks. Background: Pets, especially cats and dogs, represent a great potential for zoonotic transmission, leading to major health problems. The purpose of this systematic review was to present the latest developments concerning colistin resistance through mcr genes in pets. The current study also highlights the health risks of the transmission of colistin resistance between pets and humans. Methods: We conducted a systematic review on mcr-positive bacteria in pets and studies reporting their zoonotic transmission to humans. Bibliographic research queries were performed on the following databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Microsoft Academic, and Web of Science. Articles of interest were selected using the PRISMA guideline principles. Results: The analyzed articles from the investigated databases described the presence of mcr gene variants in pets including mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, mcr-5, mcr-8, mcr-9, and mcr-10. Among these articles, four studies reported potential zoonotic transmission of mcr genes between pets and humans. The epidemiological analysis revealed that dogs and cats can be colonized by mcr genes that are beginning to spread in different countries worldwide. Overall, reported articles on this subject highlight the high risk of zoonotic transmission of colistin resistance genes between pets and their owners. Conclusions: This review demonstrated the spread of mcr genes in pets and their transmission to humans, indicating the need for further measures to control this significant threat to public health. Therefore, we suggest here some strategies against this threat such as avoiding zoonotic transmission. | 2022 | 35745552 |
| 5492 | 12 | 0.9910 | Uropathogenic bacteria and deductive genomics towards antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and potential drug targets. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent bacterial infections affecting people in inpatient and outpatient settings. The current study aimed to sequence the genome of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain CUI-B1 resourced from a woman having uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis. Followed by deductive genomics towards potential drug targets using E. coli strain CUI-B1, strain O25b: H4-ST131, Proteus mirabilis strain HI4320, Klebsiella pneumoniae strain 1721, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus strain ATCC 15305 uropathogenic strains. Comparative genome analysis revealed that genes related to the survival of E. coli, P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, and S. saprophyticus, such as genes of metal-requiring proteins, defense-associated genes, and genes associated with general physiology, were found to be highly conserved in the genomes including strain CUI-B1. However, the genes responsible for virulence and drug resistance, mainly those that are involved in bacterial secretion, fimbriae, adherence, and colonization, were found in various genomic regions and varied from one species to another or within the same species. Based on the genome sequence, virulence, and antimicrobial-resistant gene dataset, the subtractive proteomics approach revealed 22 proteins mapped to the pathogen's unique pathways and among them, entB, clbH, chuV, and ybtS were supposed to be potential drug targets and the single drug could be utilized for all above-mentioned strains. These results may provide the foundation for the optimal target for future discovery of drugs for E. coli-, P. mirabilis-, K. pneumoniae-, and S. saprophyticus-based infections and could be investigated further to employ in personalized drug development. | 2024 | 37553507 |
| 5559 | 13 | 0.9909 | Common phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance patterns found in a case study of multiresistant E. coli from cohabitant pets, humans, and household surfaces. The objective of the study described in this article was to characterize the antimicrobial resistance profiles among E. coli strains isolated from cohabitant pets and humans, evaluating the concurrent colonization of pets, owners, and home surfaces by bacteria carrying the same antimicrobial-resistant genes. The authors also intended to assess whether household surfaces and objects could contribute to the within-household antimicrobial-resistant gene diffusion between human and animal cohabitants. A total of 124 E. coli strains were isolated displaying 24 different phenotypic patterns with a remarkable percentage of multiresistant ones. The same resistance patterns were isolated from the dog's urine, mouth, the laundry floor, the refrigerator door, and the dog's food bowl. Some other multiresistant phenotypes, as long as resistant genes, were found repeatedly in different inhabitants and surfaces of the house. Direct, close contact between all the cohabitants and the touch of contaminated household surfaces and objects could be an explanation for these observations. | 2013 | 23397653 |
| 5562 | 14 | 0.9909 | Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains to Last Resort Human Antibiotics Isolated from Healthy Companion Animals in Valencia Region. Failure in antibiotic therapies due to the increase in antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria is one of the main threats to public and animal health. In recent decades, the perception of companion animals has changed, from being considered as a work tool to a household member, creating a family bond and sharing spaces in their daily routine. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the current epidemiological situation regarding the presence of AMR and multidrug resistance (MDR) in companion animals in the Valencia Region, using the indicator bacteria Escherichia coli as a sentinel. For this purpose, 244 samples of dogs and cats were collected from veterinary centres to assess antimicrobial susceptibility against a panel of 22 antibiotics with public health relevance. A total of 197 E. coli strains were isolated from asymptomatic dogs and cats. The results showed AMR against all the 22 antibiotics studied, including those critically important to human medicine. Moreover, almost 50% of the strains presented MDR. The present study revealed the importance of monitoring AMR and MDR trends in companion animals, as they could pose a risk due to the spread of AMR and its resistance genes to humans, other animals and the environment they cohabit. | 2023 | 37998840 |
| 4596 | 15 | 0.9908 | Relationship between virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis. OBJECTIVES: This review summarizes the literature on the role of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus in bovine mastitis, focusing on the association between these characteristics and their implications for public and animal health. CONCLUSIONS: There is the possibility of antimicrobial resistance gene exchange among different bacteria, which is of serious concern in livestock husbandry, as well as in the treatment of human staphylococcal infections. | 2020 | 32603906 |
| 2601 | 16 | 0.9908 | Enhancing the one health initiative by using whole genome sequencing to monitor antimicrobial resistance of animal pathogens: Vet-LIRN collaborative project with veterinary diagnostic laboratories in United States and Canada. BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacterial pathogens is an emerging public health threat. This threat extends to pets as it also compromises our ability to treat their infections. Surveillance programs in the United States have traditionally focused on collecting data from food animals, foods, and people. The Veterinary Laboratory Investigation and Response Network (Vet-LIRN), a national network of 45 veterinary diagnostic laboratories, tested the antimicrobial susceptibility of clinically relevant bacterial isolates from animals, with companion animal species represented for the first time in a monitoring program. During 2017, we systematically collected and tested 1968 isolates. To identify genetic determinants associated with AMR and the potential genetic relatedness of animal and human strains, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 192 isolates: 69 Salmonella enterica (all animal sources), 63 Escherichia coli (dogs), and 60 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (dogs). RESULTS: We found that most Salmonella isolates (46/69, 67%) had no known resistance genes. Several isolates from both food and companion animals, however, showed genetic relatedness to isolates from humans. For pathogenic E. coli, no resistance genes were identified in 60% (38/63) of the isolates. Diverse resistance patterns were observed, and one of the isolates had predicted resistance to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, important antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine. For S. pseudintermedius, we observed a bimodal distribution of resistance genes, with some isolates having a diverse array of resistance mechanisms, including the mecA gene (19/60, 32%). CONCLUSION: The findings from this study highlight the critical importance of veterinary diagnostic laboratory data as part of any national antimicrobial resistance surveillance program. The finding of some highly resistant bacteria from companion animals, and the observation of isolates related to those isolated from humans demonstrates the public health significance of incorporating companion animal data into surveillance systems. Vet-LIRN will continue to build the infrastructure to collect the data necessary to perform surveillance of resistant bacteria as part of fulfilling its mission to advance human and animal health. A One Health approach to AMR surveillance programs is crucial and must include data from humans, animals, and environmental sources to be effective. | 2019 | 31060608 |
| 2600 | 17 | 0.9908 | Genomic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in 61 aquatic bacterial isolates. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogens important to aquatic animal health is of increasing concern but vastly understudied. Antimicrobial therapy is used to both treat and prevent bacterial disease in fish and is critical for a viable aquaculture industry and for maintenance of wild fish populations. Unfortunately, phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing is technically difficult for bacteria recovered from aquatic animal hosts resulting in challenges in resistance monitoring using traditional methods. Whole-genome sequencing provides an appealing methodology for investigation of putative resistance. As part of the ongoing efforts of the FDA CVM Vet-LIRN to monitor AMR, source laboratories cultured and preliminarily identified pathogenic bacteria isolated from various fish species collected in 2019 from across the United States. Sixty-one bacterial isolates were evaluated using whole-genome sequencing. We present here the assembled draft genomes, AMR genes, predicted resistance phenotypes, and virulence factors of the 61 isolates and discuss concurrence of the identifications made by source laboratories using matrix-assisted laser desorption/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | 2024 | 38566327 |
| 2585 | 18 | 0.9908 | A scoping review of the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and signatures in ready-to-eat street foods in Africa: implications for public health. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Despite its critical role in individual and societal health, food hygiene remains underexplored. Antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria in ready-to-eat (RTE) food threaten public health. This scoping review collected data on the epidemiological prevalence of RTE food-contaminated pathogens resistant to antimicrobial drugs and resistance genes in Africa. METHOD: Using electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS), handpicked from references, pre-reviewed published articles were retrieved and analyzed according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. RESULTS: The findings indicate 40 previewed published articles qualified for meta-synthesis in the scoping review with a population/case ratio of 11,653/5,338 (45.80%). The most frequently reported RTE foods were meat or beef/beef-soup, chicken or poultry products, salads, vegetable salads, and sandwiches, which harboured pathogens such as E. coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus. Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed the use of 48 antibiotics to manage infections, following CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) protocols. Moreover, 10 authors reported 54 resistance genes associated with pathogenic resistant bacteria. In addition, only 15 studies received funding or financial support. CONCLUSION: These findings from several researchers indicate that RTE street foods in African and resource-limited nations harbour enteric pathogens and are a significant concern to the public health system and reservoir of the spread of antibiotic resistance. This underscores the necessity of implementing effective control strategies to address challenges and limit the spread of resistant bacteria in RTE foods. The antimicrobial resistance surveillance system in the region is a significant concern. Notably, Africa needs to strengthen the national and international regulatory bodies and a health surveillance system on antimicrobial resistance, particularly among developing nations. | 2025 | 40270817 |
| 4852 | 19 | 0.9908 | Recent trends in antibiotic resistance in European ICUs. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem in ICUs worldwide. As numbers of published results from national/international surveillance studies rise rapidly, the amount of new information may be overwhelming. Therefore, we reviewed recent trends in antibiotic resistance in ICUs across Europe in the past 18 months. RECENT FINDINGS: In this period, infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus appeared to stabilize (and even decrease) in some countries, and infection rates due to Gram-positive bacteria resistant to vancomycin, linezolid or daptomycin have remained low. In contrast, we are witnessing a continent-wide emergence of infections caused by multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with easily exchangeable resistance genes located on plasmids, producing enzymes such as extended spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenamases. In the absence of new antibiotics, prevention of infections, reducing unnecessary antibiotic use, optimizing adherence to universal hygienic and infection control measures, and improving implementation of diagnostic tests are our only tools to combat this threat. SUMMARY: As the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in ICUs is rapidly changing toward more frequently occurring epidemics and endemicity of multi and panresistant Gram-negative pathogens, better infection control and improved diagnostics will become even more important than before. | 2011 | 21986462 |