# | Rank | Similarity | Title + Abs. | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 6726 | 0 | 0.9632 | A symbiotic gut bacterium enhances Aedes albopictus resistance to insecticide. BACKGROUND: The increasing insecticide resistance of Aedes albopictus puts many countries in Asia and Africa, including China, at great risk of a mosquito-borne virus epidemic. To date, a growing number of researches have focused on the relationship between intestinal symbiotic bacteria and their hosts' resistance to insecticides. This provides a novel aspect to the study of resistant mechanisms. METHODS/FINDINGS: This study reveals significant composition and dynamic changes in the intestinal symbiotic bacteria of Ae. albopictus between the resistant and susceptible strains based on full-length sequencing technology. The relative abundance of Serratia oryzae was significantly higher in the resistance strain than in the susceptible strains; also, the relative abundance of S. oryzae was significantly higher in deltamethrin-induced Ae. albopictus than in their counterpart. These suggested that S. oryzae may be involved in the development of insecticide resistance in Ae. albopictus. To explore the insecticide resistance mechanism, adult mosquitoes were fed with GFP-tagged S. oryzae, which resulted in stable bacterial enrichment in the mosquito gut without affecting the normal physiology, longevity, oviposition, and hatching rates of the host. The resistance measurements were made based on bioassays as per the WHO guidelines. The results showed that the survival rate of S. oryzae-enriched Ae. albopictus was significantly higher than the untreated mosquitoes, indicating the enhanced resistance of S. oryzae-enriched Ae. albopictus. Also, the activities of three metabolic detoxification enzymes in S. oryzae-enriched mosquitoes were increased to varying degrees. Meanwhile, the activity of extracellular enzymes released by S. oryzae was measured, but only carboxylesterase activity was detected. HPLC and UHPLC were respectively used to measure deltamethrin residue concentration and metabolite qualitative analysis, showing that the deltamethrin degradation efficiency of S. oryzae was positively correlated with time and bacterial amount. Deltamethrin was broken down into 1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PE and 2',2'-Dibromo-2'-deoxyguanosine. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 9 cytochrome P450s, 8 GSTs and 7 CarEs genes were significantly upregulated. CONCLUSIONS: S. oryzae can be accumulated into adult Ae. albopictus by artificial feeding, which enhances deltamethrin resistance by inducing the metabolic detoxification genes and autocrine metabolic enzymes. S. oryzae is vertically transmitted in Ae. albopictus population. Importantly, S. oryzae can degrade deltamethrin in vitro, and use deltamethrin as the sole carbon source for their growths. Therefore, in the future, S. oryzae may also be commercially used to break down the residual insecticides in the farmland and lakes to protect the environment. | 2022 | 35245311 |
| 5165 | 1 | 0.9621 | Transcription profiling of resistance to Bti toxins in the mosquito Aedes aegypti using next-generation sequencing. The control of mosquitoes transmitting infectious diseases relies mainly on the use of chemical insecticides. However, resistance to most chemical insecticides threatens mosquito control programs. In this context, the spraying of toxins produced by the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) in larval habitats represents an alternative to chemical insecticides and is now widely used for mosquito control. Recent studies suggest that resistance of mosquitoes to Bti toxin may occur locally but mechanisms have not been characterized so far. In the present study, we investigated gene transcription level variations associated with Bti toxin resistance in the mosquito Aedes aegypti using a next-generation sequencing approach. More than 6 million short cDNA tags were sequenced from larvae of two strains sharing the same genetic background: a Bti toxins-resistant strain and a susceptible strain. These cDNA tags were mapped with a high coverage (308 reads per position in average) to more than 6000 genes of Ae. aegypti genome and used to quantify and compare the transcription level of these genes between the two mosquito strains. Among them, 86 genes were significantly differentially transcribed more than 4-fold in the Bti toxins resistant strain comparatively to the susceptible strain. These included gene families previously associated with Bti toxins resistance such as serine proteases, alkaline phosphatase and alpha-amylase. These results are discussed in regards of potential Bti toxins resistance mechanisms in mosquitoes. | 2012 | 22115744 |
| 6724 | 2 | 0.9610 | A symbiotic bacterium regulates the detoxification metabolism of deltamethrin in Aedes albopictus. The mosquito Aedes albopictus is an important vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika; and is a globally distributed invasive mosquito with increasing resistance to insecticides, thereby posing a serious risk to global public health. Symbiotic gut bacteria have been shown to be related to insecticide resistance, but knowledge is still limited for A. albopictus. Here, we explored the role of Serratia marcescens, a gut symbiotic bacterium, in the resistance of A. albopictus to the insecticide deltamethrin. Using 16S-rRNA sequencing we found that S. marcescens was significantly enriched in A. albopictus after deltamethrin exposure, and that resistance increased after S. marcescens enrichment. The enzymatic activities of mixed-function oxidase (MFO) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), two important detoxification enzymes, were higher in the bacteria-enriched mosquitoes. The expressions of ABCG4 and GSTD1, two genes related to detoxification metabolism, were up-regulated following S. marcescens infection and after deltamethrin exposure, as assayed using RNA-seq. The up-regulation of these two genes was most significant in midgut and Malpighian tubules. Our results suggest that S. marcescens infection could enhance deltamethrin resistance in A. albopictus by increasing detoxification metabolism; of interest for designing more efficient mosquito control measures. | 2025 | 40500053 |
| 8766 | 3 | 0.9610 | Partitioning the Effects of Soil Legacy and Pathogen Exposure Determining Soil Suppressiveness via Induced Systemic Resistance. Beneficial host-associated bacteria can assist plant protection against pathogens. In particular, specific microbes are able to induce plant systemic resistance. However, it remains largely elusive which specific microbial taxa and functions trigger plant immune responses associated with disease suppression. Here, we experimentally studied this by setting up two independent microcosm experiments that differed in the time at which plants were exposed to the pathogen and the soil legacy (i.e., soils with historically suppressive or conducive). Overall, we found soil legacy effects to have a major influence on disease suppression irrespective of the time prior to pathogen exposure. Rhizosphere bacterial communities of tomato plants were significantly different between the two soils, with potential beneficial strains occurring at higher relative abundances in the suppressive soil. Root transcriptome analysis revealed the soil legacy to induce differences in gene expression, most importantly, genes involved in the pathway of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Last, we found genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway to correlate with specific microbial taxa, including Gp6, Actinomarinicola, Niastella, Phaeodactylibacter, Longimicrobium, Bythopirellula, Brevundimonas, Ferruginivarius, Kushneria, Methylomarinovum, Pseudolabrys, Sphingobium, Sphingomonas, and Alterococcus. Taken together, our study points to the potential regulation of plant systemic resistance by specific microbial taxa, and the importance of soil legacy on disease incidence and eliciting plant-defense mechanisms. | 2022 | 36365269 |
| 8460 | 4 | 0.9608 | Correlation Analysis of the Transcriptome and Gut Microbiota in Salmo trutta Resistance to Aeromonas salmonicida. Aeromonas salmonicida is a major pathogenic bacterium that poses a significant threat to salmonid fish. Yadong County, located in the Xizang Autonomous Region, is renowned for its characteristic industry of Salmo trutta aquaculture. In recent years, the outbreak of Bacterial Gill Disease (BGD) has led to substantial economic losses for S. trutta farmers. Our prior research identified A. salmonicida as one of the primary culprits behind BGD. To mitigate the impact of A. salmonicida on S. trutta, we conducted a comprehensive study aimed at identifying genes associated with resistance to A. salmonicida. This involved transcriptome sequencing and 16S rRNA sequencing of intestinal flora, providing valuable insights for the study of disease resistance in S. trutta. In this study, we identified 324 genera with 5171 ASVs in the susceptible group and 293 genera with 5669 ASVs in the resistant group. Notably, Methylobacterium and Sphingomonas were common bacteria present in the salmon's gut, and their proportions remained relatively stable before and after infection. Shewanella, with its antagonistic relationship with Aeromonas, may play a crucial role in the salmon's defense against A. salmonicida. Several related genes were identified, including angptl4, cipcb, grasp, ccr9a, sulf1, mtmr11, B3GNT3, mt2, PLXDC1, and ank1b. | 2024 | 39458292 |
| 8727 | 5 | 0.9607 | Transcriptome Analysis of Rice Near-Isogenic Lines Inoculated with Two Strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, AH28 and PXO99(A). Rice bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is a major threat to rice production and food security. Exploring new resistance genes and developing varieties with broad-spectrum and high resistance has been a key focus in rice disease resistance research. In a preliminary study, rice cultivar Fan3, exhibiting high resistance to PXO99(A) and susceptibility to AH28, was developed by enhancing the resistance of Yuehesimiao (YHSM) to BB. This study performed a transcriptome analysis on the leaves of Fan3 and YHSM following inoculation with Xoo strains AH28 and PXO99(A). The analysis revealed significant differential expression of 14,084 genes. Among the transcription factor (TF) families identified, bHLH, WRKY, and ERF were prominent, with notable differences in the expression of OsWRKY62, OsWRKY76, and OsbHLH6 across samples. Over 100 genes were directly linked to disease resistance, including nearly 30 NBS-LRR family genes. Additionally, 11 SWEET family protein genes, over 750 protein kinase genes, 63 peroxidase genes, and eight phenylalanine aminolysase genes were detected. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed significant enrichment in pathways related to defense response to bacteria and oxidative stress response. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and diterpenoid biosynthesis pathways. Gene expression results from qRT-PCR were consistent with those from RNA-Seq, underscoring the reliability of the findings. Candidate genes identified in this study that may be resistant to BB, such as NBS-LRR family genes LOC_Os11g11960 and LOC_Os11g12350, SWEET family genes LOC_Os01g50460 and LOC_Os01g12130, and protein kinase-expressing genes LOC_Os01g66860 and LOC_Os02g57700, will provide a theoretical basis for further experiments. These results suggest that the immune response of rice to the two strains may be more concentrated in the early stage, and there are more up-regulated genes in the immune response of the high-resistant to PXO99A and medium-resistant to AH28, respectively, compared with the highly susceptible rice. This study offers a foundation for further research on resistance genes and the molecular mechanisms in Fan3 and YHSM. | 2024 | 39599338 |
| 6727 | 6 | 0.9607 | Differences in the intestinal microbiota between insecticide-resistant and -sensitive Aedes albopictus based on full-length 16S rRNA sequencing. The intestinal symbiotic bacteria of Aedes albopictus play a potential role in host resistance to insecticides. In this study, we sequenced the full-length of 16S rRNA and analyzed the differences in the intestinal microbiota between deltamethrin-resistant and -sensitive Ae. albopictus. Symbiotic bacteria were cultured and analyzed using six types of culture media in aerobic and anaerobic environments. We found significant differences in the diversity and abundance of the intestinal microbiota of the two strains of Ae. albopictus. The symbiotic bacteria cultured in vitro were found to be mainly facultative anaerobes. The cultured bacteria such as Serratia oryzae and Acinetobacter junii may function to promote the development of insecticide resistance. This work indicates that intestinal bacteria may contribute to the enhancement of insecticide resistance of Ae. albopictus It also highlights the analytical advantage of full-length 16S rRNA sequencing to study the intestinal microbiota of mosquitoes. | 2021 | 33970535 |
| 607 | 7 | 0.9606 | A novel copper-sensing two-component system for inducing Dsb gene expression in bacteria. In nature, bacteria must sense copper and tightly regulate gene expression to evade copper toxicity. Here, we identify a new copper-responsive two-component system named DsbRS in the important human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa; in this system, DsbS is a sensor histidine kinase, and DsbR, its cognate response regulator, directly induces the transcription of genes involved in protein disulfide bond formation (Dsb) (i.e., the dsbDEG operon and dsbB). In the absence of copper, DsbS acts as a phosphatase toward DsbR, thus blocking the transcription of Dsb genes. In the presence of copper, the metal ion directly binds to the sensor domain of DsbS, and the Cys82 residue plays a critical role in this process. The copper-binding behavior appears to inhibit the phosphatase activity of DsbS, leading to the activation of DsbR. The copper resistance of the dsbRS knock-out mutant is restored by the ectopic expression of the dsbDEG operon, which is a DsbRS major target. Strikingly, cognates of the dsbRS-dsbDEG pair are widely distributed across eubacteria. In addition, a DsbR-binding site, which contains the consensus sequence 5'-TTA-N(8)-TTAA-3', is detected in the promoter region of dsbDEG homologs in these species. These findings suggest that the regulation of Dsb genes by DsbRS represents a novel mechanism by which bacterial cells cope with copper stress. | 2022 | 36546013 |
| 40 | 8 | 0.9606 | Combinative effects of a bacterial type-III effector and a biocontrol bacterium on rice growth and disease resistance. Expression of HpaG(Xoo), a bacterial type-III effector, in transgenic plants induces disease resistance. Resistance also can be elicited by biocontrol bacteria. In both cases, plant growth is often promoted. Here we address whether biocontrol bacteria and HpaG(Xoo) can act together to provide better results in crop improvement. We studied effects of Pseudomonas cepacia on the rice variety R109 and the hpaG(Xoo)-expressing rice line HER1. Compared to R109, HER1 showed increased growth, grain yield, and defense responses toward diseases and salinity stress. Colonization of roots by P. cepacia caused 20% and 13% increase, in contrast to controls, in root growth of R109 and HER1. Growth of leaves and stems also increased in R109 but that of HER1 was inhibited. When P. cepacia colonization was subsequent to plant inoculation with Rhizoctonia solani, a pathogen that causes sheath blight, the disease was less severe than controls in both R109 and HER1; HER1, nevertheless, was more resistant, suggesting that P. cepacia and HpaG(Xoo) cooperate in inducing disease resistance. Several genes that critically regulate growth and defense behaved differentially in HER1 and R109 while responding to P. cepacia. In R109 leaves, the OsARF1 gene, which regulates plant growth, was expressed in consistence with growth promotion by P. cepacia. Inversely, OsARF1 expression was coincident with inhibition in growth of HER1 leaves. In both plants, the expression of OsEXP1, which encodes an expansin protein involved in plant growth,was concomitant with growth promotion in leaves instead of roots,in response to P. cepacia . We also studied OsMAPK, a gene that encodes a mitogen-activated protein kinase and controls defense responses toward salinity and infection by pathogens in rice. In response to P. cepacia, an early expression of OsMAPK was coincident with R109 resistance to the disease, while HER1 expressed the gene similarly whether P. cepacia was present or not. Evidently, P. cepacia and G(Xoo)-gene mediated resistance may act differently in rice growth and resistance. Whereas combinative effects of P. cepacia and HpaG(Xoo) in disease resistance have a great potential in agricultural use, it is interesting to study mechanisms that underlie interactions involving biocontrol bacteria, type-III effectors and pathogens. | 2006 | 17301500 |
| 546 | 9 | 0.9602 | Resistance to organic hydroperoxides requires ohr and ohrR genes in Sinorhizobium meliloti. BACKGROUND: Sinorhizobium meliloti is a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium that elicits nodules on roots of host plants Medicago sativa. During nodule formation bacteria have to withstand oxygen radicals produced by the plant. Resistance to H2O2 and superoxides has been extensively studied in S. meliloti. In contrast resistance to organic peroxides has not been investigated while S. meliloti genome encodes putative organic peroxidases. Organic peroxides are produced by plants and are highly toxic. The resistance to these oxygen radicals has been studied in various bacteria but never in plant nodulating bacteria. RESULTS: In this study we report the characterisation of organic hydroperoxide resistance gene ohr and its regulator ohrR in S. meliloti. The inactivation of ohr affects resistance to cumene and ter-butyl hydroperoxides but not to hydrogen peroxide or menadione in vitro. The expression of ohr and ohrR genes is specifically induced by organic peroxides. OhrR binds to the intergenic region between the divergent genes ohr and ohrR. Two binding sites were characterised. Binding to the operator is prevented by OhrR oxidation that promotes OhrR dimerisation. The inactivation of ohr did not affect symbiosis and nitrogen fixation, suggesting that redundant enzymatic activity exists in this strain. Both ohr and ohrR are expressed in nodules suggesting that they play a role during nitrogen fixation. CONCLUSIONS: This report demonstrates the significant role Ohr and OhrR proteins play in bacterial stress resistance against organic peroxides in S. meliloti. The ohr and ohrR genes are expressed in nodule-inhabiting bacteroids suggesting a role during nodulation. | 2011 | 21569462 |
| 8722 | 10 | 0.9602 | Symbiotic Fungus Affected the Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP) Resistance to Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam. The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is a notorious Rutaceae plant pest. Frequent and extensive use of pesticides has resulted in severe insecticide resistance in ACP populations. Fully understanding the mechanism of ACP resistance to pesticides is vital for us to control or delay the development of resistance. Therefore, we compared the difference in resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam between Hunan (Yongzhou, Chenzhou) and Guangdong (Guangzhou) ACP populations and analyzed the correlations between the resistance level and genes and symbiotic fungi. The results showed that the resistance of the Guangdong ACP population to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam was lower than that of Hunan ACP population, and the relative expression of genes associated with P450 mono-oxygenase and acetylcholinesterase was significantly lower in the Guangdong ACP population than in Hunan ACP population. The differences of mean relative abundances of four symbiotic bacteria among three populations were marginally significant; however, the mean relative abundance of 16 fungi among three populations was significantly different, and positive linear correlations were observed between the resistance level and two fungi (Aspergillus niger and Aureobasidium pullulans) and two genes (CYP4C70 and CYP4DB1). Negative correlations were only observed between the resistance level and two fungi (Golubevia pallescens and Acremonium sclerotigenum). Moreover, four fungi were unique to the Chenzhou population which was the highest resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. These findings suggested the P450 mono-oxygenase and symbiotic fungi together affected ACP resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. In the future, we may use environmental G. pallescens and A. sclerotigenum to control or delay ACP resistance. | 2020 | 33391190 |
| 8449 | 11 | 0.9601 | Identification and Distribution of NBS-Encoding Resistance Genes of Dactylis glomerata L. and Its Expression Under Abiotic and Biotic Stress. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is drought resistant and tolerant to barren landscapes, making it one of the most important forages for animal husbandry, as well as ecological restoration of rocky landscapes that are undergoing desertification. However, orchardgrass is susceptible to rust, which can significantly reduce its yield and quality. Therefore, understanding the genes that underlie resistance against rust in orchardgrass is critical. The evolution, cloning of plant disease resistance genes, and the analysis of pathogenic bacteria induced expression patterns are important contents in the study of interaction between microorganisms and plants. Genes with nucleotide binding site (NBS) structure are disease-resistant genes ubiquitous in plants and play an important role in plant attacks against various pathogens. Using sequence analysis and re-annotation, we identified 413 NBS resistance genes in orchardgrass. Similar to previous studies, NBS resistance genes containing TIR (toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain were not found in orchardgrass. The NBS resistance genes can be divided into four types: NBS (up to 264 homologous genes, accounting for 64% of the total number of NBS genes in orchardgrass), NBS-LRR, CC-NBS, and CC-NBS-LRR (minimum of 26 homologous genes, only 6% of the total number of NBS genes in orchardgrass). These 413 NBS resistance genes were unevenly distributed across seven chromosomes where chromosome 5 had up to 99 NBS resistance genes. There were 224 (54%) NBS resistance genes expressed in different tissues (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and spikes), and we did not detect expression for 45 genes (11%). The remaining 145 (35%) were expressed in some tissues. And we found that 11 NBS resistance genes were differentially expressed under waterlogging stress, 5 NBS resistance genes were differentially expressed under waterlogging and drought stress, and 1 NBS resistance was is differentially expressed under waterlogging and heat stress. Most importantly, we found that 65 NBS resistance genes were significantly expressed in different control groups. On the 7th day of inoculation, 23 NBS resistance genes were differentially expressed in high resistance materials alone, of which 7 NBS resistance genes regulate the "plant-pathogen interaction" pathway by encoding RPM1. At the same time, 2 NBS resistance genes that were differentially expressed in the high resistance material after inoculation were also differentially expressed in abiotic stress. In summary, the NBS resistance gene plays a crucial role in the resistance of orchardgrass to rust. | 2020 | 32506157 |
| 7734 | 12 | 0.9599 | Metagenomic Analysis Identifies Sex-Related Cecal Microbial Gene Functions and Bacterial Taxa in the Quail. Background: Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) are important and widely distributed poultry in China. Researchers continue to pursue genetic selection for heavier quail. The intestinal microbiota plays a substantial role in growth promotion; however, the mechanisms involved in growth promotion remain unclear. Results: We generated 107.3 Gb of cecal microbiome data from ten Japanese quail, providing a series of quail gut microbial gene catalogs (1.25 million genes). We identified a total of 606 main microbial species from 1,033,311 annotated genes distributed among the ten quail. Seventeen microbial species from the genera Anaerobiospirillum, Alistipes, Barnesiella, and Butyricimonas differed significantly in their abundances between the female and male gut microbiotas. Most of the functional gut microbial genes were involved in metabolism, primarily in carbohydrate transport and metabolism, as well as some active carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. We also identified 308 antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) from the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Euryarchaeota. Studies of the differential gene functions between sexes indicated that abundances of the gut microbes that produce carbohydrate-active enzymes varied between female and male quail. Bacteroidetes was the predominant ARG-containing phylum in female quail; Euryarchaeota was the predominant ARG-containing phylum in male quail. Conclusion: This article provides the first description of the gene catalog of the cecal bacteria in Japanese quail as well as insights into the bacterial taxa and predictive metagenomic functions between male and female quail to provide a better understanding of the microbial genes in the quail ceca. | 2021 | 34660751 |
| 8187 | 13 | 0.9597 | Racial disparities in metastatic colorectal cancer outcomes revealed by tumor microbiome and transcriptome analysis with bevacizumab treatment. Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a heterogeneous disease, often associated with poor outcomes and resistance to therapies. The racial variations in the molecular and microbiological profiles of mCRC patients, however, remain under-explored. Methods: Using RNA-SEQ data, we extracted and analyzed actively transcribing microbiota within the tumor milieu, ensuring that the identified bacteria were not merely transient inhabitants but engaged in the tumor ecosystem. Also, we independently acquired samples from 12 mCRC patients, specifically, 6 White individuals and 6 of Black or African American descent. These samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Our study revealed notable racial disparities in the molecular signatures and microbiota profiles of mCRC patients. The intersection of these data showcased the potential modulating effects of specific bacteria on gene expression. Particularly, the bacteria Helicobacter cinaedi and Sphingobium herbicidovorans emerged as significant influencers, with strong correlations to the genes SELENBP1 and SNORA38, respectively. Discussion: These findings underscore the intricate interplay between host genomics and actively transcribing tumor microbiota in mCRC's pathogenesis. The identified correlations between specific bacteria and genes highlight potential avenues for targeted therapies and a more personalized therapeutic approach. | 2023 | 38357363 |
| 8475 | 14 | 0.9595 | Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Bacteria Against Sugar Beet Root Rot Agent by Volatile Organic Compound Production and Induction of Systemic Resistance. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by endophytic bacteria have a significant role in the control of phytopathogens. In this research, the VOCs produced by the endophytic bacteria Streptomyces sp. B86, Pantoea sp. Dez632, Pseudomonas sp. Bt851, and Stenotrophomonas sp. Sh622 isolated from healthy sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) and sea beet (Beta maritima) were evaluated for their effects on the virulence traits of Bacillus pumilus Isf19, the causal agent of harvested sugar beet root rot disease. The gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that B86, Dez632, Bt851, and Sh622 produced 15, 28, 30, and 20 VOCs, respectively, with high quality. All antagonistic endophytic bacteria produced VOCs that significantly reduced soft root symptoms and inhibited the growth of B. pumilus Isf19 at different levels. The VOCs produced by endophytic bacteria significantly reduced swarming, swimming, and twitching motility by B. pumilus Isf19, which are important to pathogenicity. Our results revealed that VOCs produced by Sh622 and Bt851 significantly reduced attachment of B. pumilus Isf19 cells to sugar beetroots, and also all endophytic bacteria tested significantly reduced chemotaxis motility of the pathogen toward root extract. The VOCs produced by Dez632 and Bt851 significantly upregulated the expression levels of defense genes related to soft rot resistance. Induction of PR1 and NBS-LRR2 genes in sugar beetroot slices suggests the involvement of SA and JA pathways, respectively, in the induction of resistance against pathogen attack. Based on our results, the antibacterial VOCs produced by endophytic bacteria investigated in this study can reduce soft rot incidence. | 2022 | 35722285 |
| 8443 | 15 | 0.9595 | Large-scale bioinformatic analysis of the regulation of the disease resistance NBS gene family by microRNAs in Poaceae. In the present study, we have screened 71, 713, 525, 119 and 241 mature miRNA variants from Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa, Brachypodium distachyon, Triticum aestivum, and Sorghum bicolor, respectively, and classified them with respect to their conservation status and expression levels. These Poaceae non-redundant miRNA species (1,669) were distributed over a total of 625 MIR families, among which only 54 were conserved across two or more plant species, confirming the relatively recent evolutionary differentiation of miRNAs in grasses. On the other hand, we have used 257 H. vulgare, 286T. aestivum, 119 B. distachyon, 269 O. sativa, and 139 S. bicolor NBS domains, which were either mined directly from the annotated proteomes, or predicted from whole genome sequence assemblies. The hybridization potential between miRNAs and their putative NBS genes targets was analyzed, revealing that at least 454 NBS genes from all five Poaceae were potentially regulated by 265 distinct miRNA species, most of them expressed in leaves and predominantly co-expressed in additional tissues. Based on gene ontology, we could assign these probable miRNA target genes to 16 functional groups, among which three conferring resistance to bacteria (Rpm1, Xa1 and Rps2), and 13 groups of resistance to fungi (Rpp8,13, Rp3, Tsn1, Lr10, Rps1-k-1, Pm3, Rpg5, and MLA1,6,10,12,13). The results of the present analysis provide a large-scale platform for a better understanding of biological control strategies of disease resistance genes in Poaceae, and will serve as an important starting point for enhancing crop disease resistance improvement by means of transgenic lines with artificial miRNAs. | 2016 | 27349470 |
| 590 | 16 | 0.9594 | Recent advances in functional assays of WRKY transcription factors in plant immunity against pathogens. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are one of the largest transcription factor families in plants and play important roles in plant processes, most notably in responding to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. This article reviews the recent research progresses on WRKY TFs in regulating plant immunity, which includes both positive and negative regulation. WRKY TFs were shown to regulate plant defense against pathogens including fungi, bacteria, oomycetes, and viruses by modulating downstream pathogen resistance genes or interacting with other regulators. Plant signaling pathways or components involved in the regulatory network of WRKY-mediated plant immunity mainly involve the action of phytohormones, MAPKs (Mitogen-activated protein kinases), and other transcription factors. The interaction of WRKY TFs with these factors during pathogen resistance was discussed in this article, which may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of WRKY transcription factors in plant immunity. | 2024 | 39917597 |
| 148 | 17 | 0.9594 | As(III) Exposure Induces a Zinc Scarcity Response and Restricts Iron Uptake in High-Level Arsenic-Resistant Paenibacillus taichungensis Strain NC1. The Gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus taichungensis NC1 was isolated from the Zijin gold-copper mine and shown to display high resistance to arsenic (MICs of 10 mM for arsenite in minimal medium). Genome sequencing indicated the presence of a number of potential arsenic resistance determinants in NC1. Global transcriptomic analysis under arsenic stress showed that NC1 not only directly upregulated genes in an arsenic resistance operon but also responded to arsenic toxicity by increasing the expression of genes encoding antioxidant functions, such as cat, perR, and gpx. In addition, two highly expressed genes, marR and arsV, encoding a putative flavin-dependent monooxygenase and located adjacent to the ars resistance operon, were highly induced by As(III) exposure and conferred resistance to arsenic and antimony compounds. Interestingly, the zinc scarcity response was induced under exposure to high concentrations of arsenite, and genes responsible for iron uptake were downregulated, possibly to cope with oxidative stress associated with As toxicity. IMPORTANCE Microbes have the ability to adapt and respond to a variety of conditions. To better understand these processes, we isolated the arsenic-resistant Gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus taichungensis NC1 from a gold-copper mine. The transcriptome responding to arsenite exposure showed induction of not only genes encoding arsenic resistance determinants but also genes involved in the zinc scarcity response. In addition, many genes encoding functions involved in iron uptake were downregulated. These results help to understand how bacteria integrate specific responses to arsenite exposure with broader physiological responses. | 2022 | 35435714 |
| 8644 | 18 | 0.9594 | Biotic and abiotic drivers of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and metal dynamic changes during spontaneous restoration of Pb-Zn mining wastelands. The biotic and abiotic mechanisms that drive important biogeochemical processes (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and metals dynamics) in metal mine revegetation remains elusive. Metagenomic sequencing was used to explored vegetation, soil properties, microbial communities, functional genes and their impacts on soil processes during vegetation restoration in a typical Pb-Zn mine. The results showed a clear niche differentiation between bacteria, fungi and archaea. Compared to bacteria and fungi, the archaea richness were more tightly coupled with natural restoration changes. The relative abundances of CAZyme-related, denitrification-related and metal resistance genes reduced, while nitrification, urease, inorganic phosphorus solubilisation, phosphorus transport, and phosphorus regulation -related genes increased. Redundancy analysis, hierarchical partitioning analysis, relative-importance analysis and partial least squares path modelling, indicated that archaea diversity, primarily influenced by available lead, directly impacts carbon dynamics. Functional genes, significantly affected by available cadmium, directly alter nitrogen dynamics. Additionally, pH affects phosphorus dynamics through changes in bacterial diversity, while metal dynamics are directly influenced by vegetation. These insights elucidate natural restoration mechanisms in mine and highlight the importance of archaea in soil processes. | 2025 | 40054196 |
| 550 | 19 | 0.9593 | The LiaFSR and BsrXRS Systems Contribute to Bile Salt Resistance in Enterococcus faecium Isolates. Two-component systems (TCSs) are dominant regulating components in bacteria for responding to environmental stimuli. However, little information is available on how TCSs in Enterococcus faecium respond to bile salts - an important environmental stimulus for intestinal bacteria. In this study, the gene expression of 2 TCSs, BsrXRS and LiaFSR, was positively correlated with survival rates of different E. faecium isolates during exposure to ox gall. Moreover, gene disruptions of bsrR, bsrS, liaS, and liaR significantly reduced the survival rates of E. faecium in the presence of ox gall. Finally, EMSA results indicated that BsrR functioned as a transcription regulator for expression of its own gene as well as lipoate-protein ligase A (lplA). Additional 27 potential target genes by BsrR were revealed through in silico analyses. These findings suggest that BsrXRS and LiaFSR systems play important roles in bile salt resistance in E. faecium. | 2019 | 31134041 |