High-throughput profiling of antibiotic resistance gene dynamic in a drinking water river-reservoir system. - Related Documents




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680901.0000High-throughput profiling of antibiotic resistance gene dynamic in a drinking water river-reservoir system. The rapid construction of reservoir in river basin generates a river-reservoir system containing an environmental gradient from river system to reservoir system in modern aquatic environment worldwide. Profiles of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in river-reservoir system is essential to better understand their dynamic mechanisms in aquatic eco-environment. In this study, we investigated the diversity, abundance, distribution of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in a representative river-reservoir system using high-throughput quantitative PCR, as well as ranked the factors (e.g. antibiotics, bacterial biomass, bacteria communities, and MGEs) influencing the patterns of ARGs based on structural equation models (SEMs). Seasonal variations in absolute abundance of ARGs and MGEs exhibited similar trends with local rainfall, suggesting that seasonal runoff induced by the rainfall potentially promote the absolute abundance of ARGs and MGEs. In contrast, environmental gradient played more important roles in the detected number, relative abundance, distribution pattern of ARGs and MGEs in the river-reservoir system. Moreover, environmental gradient also made the co-occurrence patterns associated with ARGs subtypes, MGEs and bacteria genera in river system different from those in reservoir system. The SEMs revealed that MGEs contributed the most to shape the ARG profiles. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of environmental gradient on ARGs dynamics in river-reservoir system, probably via influencing the MGEs, antibiotics, pathogenic bacteria community and nonpathogenic bacteria community.201930447523
681010.9999Heavy metals and microbiome are negligible drivers than mobile genetic elements in determining particle-attached and free-living resistomes in the Yellow River. Suspended particles in water can shelter both microorganisms and contaminants. However, the emerging pollutants antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in free-living (FL) or particle-attached (PA) bacteria in aquatic environments are less explored. In this study, we compared the free-living and particle-attached ARGs during four seasons in the Yellow River using high-throughput quantitative PCR techniques and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results demonstrated that both the free-living water and particles were dominated by tetracycline and beta-lactamase resistance genes. The PA-ARGs had a higher absolute abundance than FL-ARGs in the Yellow River, regardless of the season. Both PA-ARGs and FL-ARGs had the highest absolute abundance and diversity during winter. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were the dominant driver for both size-fractionated ARGs. However, the microbiome had less influence on PA-ARG profiles than the FL-ARG profiles, while the effects of the heavy metals on ARGs were negligible. The community assembly of both FL-ARG and PA-ARG can be explained by neutral processes. Several opportunistic pathogens (e.g., Escherichia coli) associated with human health exhibited a higher relative abundance in the particles than during a free-living lifestyle. Parts of these pathogens were potential ARG hosts. As such, it is important to monitor the ARGs and opportunistic pathogens from size-fractionated bacteria and develop targeted strategies to manage ARG dissemination and opportunistic pathogens to ensure public health.202234736202
683020.9999Heavy metal could drive co-selection of antibiotic resistance in terrestrial subsurface soils. Terrestrial surface ecosystems are important sinks for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) due to the continuous discharge of contaminants from human-impacted ecosystems. However, the abundance and resistance types of ARGs and their influencing factors in terrestrial subsurface soils are not well known. In this study, we investigated the abundance and diversity of ARGs, and their correlations with metal resistance genes (MRGs), mobile genetic elements (MGEs), bacteria, and heavy metals in subsurface soils using high throughput quantitative PCR and metagenomic sequencing approaches. Abundant and diverse ARGs were detected with high spatial heterogeneity among sampling sites. Vertically, there was no significant difference in ARG profiles between the aquifer and non-aquifer soils. Heavy metals were key factors shaping ARG profiles in soils with high heavy metal contents, while they showed no significant effect in low contents. Moreover, heavy metals could trigger the proliferation of antibiotic resistance by increasing MGE abundance or influencing bacterial communities. Metagenomic analysis also revealed the widespread co-occurrence of ARGs and MRGs, with heavy metals possibly enhancing the co-selection of ARGs and MRGs in soils with high heavy metal contents. This study highlighted the heavy metal-driven co-selection of ARGs and revealed the occurrence of ARG pollution in terrestrial subsurface soils.202133858075
681430.9999Watershed urbanization enhances the enrichment of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes on microplastics in the water environment. Microplastics (MPs) serve as vectors for microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and contribute to the spread of pathogenic bacteria and ARGs across various environments. Patterns of microbial communities and ARGs in the biofilm on the surface of MPs, also termed as plastisphere, have become an issue of global concern. Although antibiotic resistome in the plastisphere has been detected, how watershed urbanization affects patterns of potential pathogens and ARGs in the microplastic biofilms is still unclear. Here, we compared the bacterial communities, the interaction between bacterial taxa, pathogenic bacteria, and ARGs between the plastisphere and their surrounding water, and revealed the extensive influence of urbanization on them. Our results showed that bacterial communities and interactions in the plastisphere differed from those in their surrounding water. Microplastics selectively enriched Bacteroidetes from water. In non-urbanized area, the abundance of Oxyphotobacteria was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in plastisphere than that in water, while α-Proteobacteria was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in plastisphere than those in water of urbanized area. Pathogenic bacteria, ARGs, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the urbanized area than those in non-urbanized area. MPs selectively enriched ARG-carrying potential pathogens, i.e., Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae, and exhibited a distinct effect on the relative abundance of ARG and pathogens in water with different urbanization levels. We further found ARGs were significantly correlated to MGEs and pathogenic bacteria. These results suggested that MPs would promote the dissemination of ARGs among microbes including pathogenic bacteria, and urbanization would affect the impact of MPs on microbes, pathogens, and ARGs in water. A high level of urbanization could enhance the enrichment of pathogens and ARGs by MPs in aquatic systems and increase microbial risk in aquatic environments. Our findings highlighted the necessity of controlling the spread of ARGs among pathogens and the usage of plastic products in ecosystems of urban areas.202236108884
682340.9999Metagenomic assembly and binning analyses the prevalence and spread of antibiotic resistome in water and fish gut microbiomes along an environmental gradient. The pristine river and urban river show an environmental gradient caused by anthropogenic impacts such as wastewater treatment plants and domestic wastewater discharges. Here, metagenomic and binning analyses unveiled antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) profiles, their co-occurrence with metal resistance genes (MRGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and their host bacteria in water and Hemiculter leucisculus samples of the river. Results showed that the decrease of ARG abundances from pristine to anthropogenic regions was attributed to the reduction of the relative abundance of multidrug resistance genes in water microbiomes along the environmental gradient. Whereas anthropogenic impact contributed to the enrichment of ARGs in fish gut microbiomes. From pristine to anthropogenic water samples, the dominant host bacteria shifted from Pseudomonas to Actinobacteria. Potential pathogens Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Enterobacter kobei, Aeromonas veronii and Microcystis aeruginosa_C with multiple ARGs were retrieved from fish gut microbes in lower reach of Ba River. The increasing trends in the proportion of the contigs carrying ARGs (ARCs) concomitant with plasmids along environmental gradient indicated that plasmids act as efficient mobility vehicles to enhance the spread of ARGs under anthropogenic pressures. Moreover, the higher co-occurrence of ARGs and MRGs on plasmids revealed that anthropogenic impacts accelerated the co-transfer potential of ARGs and MRGs and the enrichment of ARGs. Partial least squares path modeling revealed anthropogenic contamination could shape fish gut antibiotic resistome mainly via affecting ARG host bacteria in water microbiomes, following by ARGs co-occurrence with MGEs and MRGs in gut microbiomes. This study enhanced our understanding of the mechanism of the anthropogenic activities on the transmission of antibiotic resistome in river ecosystem and emphasized the risk of ARGs and pathogens transferring from an aquatic environment to fish guts.202235716556
682750.9999Metagenomic profiles of planktonic bacteria and resistome along a salinity gradient in the Pearl River Estuary, South China. Estuarine ecosystems undergo pronounced and intricate changes due to the mixing of freshwater and saltwater. Additionally, urbanization and population growth in estuarine regions result in shifts in the planktonic bacterial community and the accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The dynamic changes in bacterial communities, environmental factors, and carriage of ARGs from freshwater to seawater, as well as the complex interrelationships among these factors, have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we conducted a comprehensive study based on metagenomic sequencing and full-length 16S rRNA sequencing, covering the entire Pearl River Estuary (PRE) in Guangdong, China. The abundance and distribution of the bacterial community, ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and bacterial virulence factors (VFs) were analyzed on a site-by-site basis through sampling along the salinity gradient in PRE, from upstream to downstream. The structure of the planktonic bacterial community undergoes continuous changes in response to variations in estuarine salinity, with the phyla Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria being dominant bacterial throughout the entire region. The diversity and abundance of ARGs and MGEs gradually decreased with the direction of water flow. A large number of ARGs were carried by potentially pathogenic bacteria, especially in Alpha-proteobacteria and Beta-proteobacteria. Multi-drug resistance genes have the highest abundance and subtypes in PRE. In addition, ARGs are more linked to some MGEs than to specific bacterial taxa and disseminate mainly by HGT and not by vertical transfer in the bacterial communities. Various environmental factors, such as salinity and nutrient concentrations, have a significantly impact on the community structure and distribution of bacteria. In conclusion, our results represent a valuable resource for further investigating the intricate interplay between environmental factors and anthropogenic disturbances on bacterial community dynamics. Moreover, they contribute to a better understanding of the relative impact of these factors on the dissemination of ARGs.202337211102
702660.9999Organic fertilizer potentiates the transfer of typical antibiotic resistance gene among special bacterial species. The propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in environments has evoked many attentions, however, how to identify their host pathogenic bacteria in situ remains a great challenge. Here we explored the bacterial host distribution and dissemination of a typical ARG, sul1 gene, in agricultural soils through the simultaneous detection of sul1 and its host 16S rRNA gene by emulsion paired isolation and concatenation PCR (epicPCR). Compared to chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer (chicken manure) led to a higher prevalence of sul1 gene in the soil, and dominant bacterial hosts of sul1 gene were classified into Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla. Additionally, significant higher diversity of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB), higher rate of horizontal gene transfer (HGT), higher rate of mobile genetic elements (MGE) and higher proportion of pathogens were all observed in the treatment of organic fertilizer. This study alerts potential health risks of manure applications in agricultural soils.202235483268
698270.9999Viral Communities Suppress the Earthworm Gut Antibiotic Resistome by Lysing Bacteria on a National Scale. Earthworms are critical in regulating soil processes and act as filters for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Yet, the geographic patterns and main drivers of earthworm gut ARGs remain largely unknown. We collected 52 earthworm and soil samples from arable and forest ecosystems along a 3000 km transect across China, analyzing the diversity and abundance of ARGs using shotgun metagenomics. Earthworm guts harbored a lower diversity and abundance of ARGs compared to soil, resulting in a stronger distance-decay rate of ARGs in the gut. Greater deterministic assembly processes of ARGs were found in the gut than in soil. The earthworm gut had a lower frequency of co-occurrence patterns between ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in forest than in arable systems. Viral diversity was higher in the gut compared to soil and was negatively correlated with bacterial diversity. Bacteria such as Streptomyces and Pseudomonas were potential hosts of both viruses and ARGs. Viruses had negative effects on the diversity and abundance of ARGs, likely due to the lysis on ARG-bearing bacteria. These findings provide new insights into the variations of ARGs in the earthworm gut and highlight the vital role of viruses in the regulation of ARGs in the soil ecosystem.202439037720
681680.9999The impact of microplastics on antibiotic resistance genes, metal resistance genes, and bacterial community in aquaculture environment. Microplastics are emerging contaminants. However, their effects on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), metal resistance genes (MRGs), and the structure and abundance of bacterial communities, particularly pathogens, in aquaculture environments remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of microplastics of different sizes on the abundance and distribution of ARGs, MRGs, and bacterial communities in aquaculture environments. The results revealed that, compared with pond water, large microplastics harbored significantly higher ARG abundances, particularly for multidrug-resistant genes; notably, level-I- and -II-risk ARGs were more prevalent on microplastics, highlighting the potential for horizontal gene transfer. Microplastics also exhibited a propensity to aggregate pathogenic bacteria such as Brucella and Pseudomonas, which could pose direct risks to aquatic product safety and public health. Network and differential network analyses revealed significant correlations between bacterial genera and ARG/MRG abundance, particularly on microplastics. Therefore, our findings suggest that microplastics act as vectors for the spread of ARGs, MRGs, and pathogens in aquaculture, potentially leading to the formation of complexes of these materials that threaten ecosystem health and human well-being. This study provides critical insights into the need for targeted management strategies to mitigate microplastic pollution in aquaculture settings.202539987738
681790.9999Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Karst River and Its Ecological Risk. In recent years, karst water has been polluted by emerging pollutants such as antibiotics. In this study, the bacterial communities and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in antibiotics contaminated karst river was studied in summer and winter. The concentration of antibiotics in winter karst river is higher than that in summer, and there are significant differences in structure of bacterial community and ARGs between karst river water samples. Aminoglycoside, beta-lactamase and multidrug are the main types of ARGs, and transposons play an important role in the spread of ARGs. The horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs between bacteria mediated by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) would cause the spread of ARGs and bring potential ecological risks. In addition, we found that the risk of antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria (ARPB) in winter was possibly higher than that in summer. It was suggested that the discharge of antibiotics, water amount and seasonal occurrence time of human intestinal diseases affect the risks caused by antibiotics contaminants. This study helps us to understand the transmission mechanism of ARGs and their potential seasonal ecological risks in complex karst water systems.202134392041
6829100.9999Metagenomic insights into the characteristics and co-migration of antibiotic resistome and metal(loid) resistance genes in urban landfill soil and groundwater. The heavy metals and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in landfills showed a significant correlation; however, the relationship between metal(loid) resistance genes (MRGs) and ARGs in contaminated environments, as well as whether they co-migrate with human pathogenic bacteria (HPB), remains unclear. This study is the first to report the characteristics and co-migration of ARGs and MRGs in the soil and groundwater of aged urban landfill sites. Our findings indicated that quinolone, efflux, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin represented the most abundant ARGs identified. Notably, ARG abundance was higher in groundwater compared to soil, with subtype diversity reflecting a similar trend; however, microbial diversity in soil was greater. Metagenome-assembled genomes data indicated a higher risk of antibiotic-resistant HPB in groundwater. It is imperative to focus on HPB that co-carry ARGs and MRGs alongside mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as Ralstonia pickettii and Pseudomonas stutzeri. Genes conferring resistance to copper and mercury, as well as MGEs such as qacEdelta and intI1, played a critical role in promoting horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance. MRG may promote ARG migration by affecting the permeability of the cell membrane. Procrustes analysis revealed a strong similarity (87 %) between heavy metals and MRG structures. Variance partitioning analyses demonstrated that both heavy metals and biological factors jointly governed landfill ARGs (96.2 %), exerting a more substantial influence in groundwater than in soil. This study serves as a reference for managing landfill, while emphasizing the importance of addressing the co-migration of MRGs and ARGs in pathogens when controlling the spread of risks.202540614847
6877110.9999Exploring urban coastal areas: Investigating the urban coastal areas as a reservoirs of antibiotic resistance Genes★. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have long served as adaptive defensive mechanisms among bacteria, enabling their survival and propagation in challenging environments. The consequences of inefficient wastewater treatment have culminated the emergence of untreatable and lethal extensively drug-resistant. To understand the relationship between wastewater effluent and marine ecosystems, we conducted a study to monitor the diversity and prevalence of common ARGs in Hong Kong's urban coastal areas at different seasons. Our findings revealed that sul 1 was the most abundant resistance gene, with an average relative abundance of 4.45 × 10(-2) per 16s rRNA gene copy. Moreover, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and salinity were key factors influencing seasonal variations in total ARGs abundance. The influence of environmental factors varied based on ARGs' association with Intl1, with Intl1-associated ARGs strongly correlating with temperature and dissolved oxygen. Notably, despite their abundance, sul1 and mphA exhibited similar correlations with both Intl1 and key environmental factors, suggesting these ARGs share a common dissemination mechanism. Moreover, the robust association between resistance genes and mobile genetic elements (MGE) could potentially act as a valuable indicator for assessing the efficacy of removing ARGs in wastewater treatment methods when operating under carefully optimized environmental parameters.202539642594
6832120.9998Historical trajectories of antibiotics resistance genes assessed through sedimentary DNA analysis of a subtropical eutrophic lake. Investigating the occurrence of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in sedimentary archives provides opportunities for reconstructing the distribution and dissemination of historical (i.e., non-anthropogenic origin) ARGs. Although ARGs in freshwater environments have attracted great attention, historical variations in the diversity and abundance of ARGs over centuries to millennia remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the vertical change patterns of bacterial communities, ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) found in sediments of Lake Chenghai spanning the past 600 years. Within resistome preserved in sediments, 177 ARGs subtypes were found with aminoglycosides and multidrug resistance being the most abundant. The ARG abundance in the upper sediment layers (equivalent to the post-antibiotic era since the 1940s) was lower than those during the pre-antibiotic era, whereas the ARG diversity was higher during the post-antibiotic era, possibly because human-induced lake eutrophication over the recent decades facilitated the spread and proliferation of drug-resistant bacteria. Statistical analysis suggested that MGEs abundance and the bacterial community structure were significantly correlated with the abundance and diversity of ARGs, suggesting that the occurrence and distribution of ARGs may be transferred between different bacteria by MGEs. Our results provide new perspectives on the natural history of ARGs in freshwater environments and are essential for understanding the temporal dynamics and dissemination of ARGs.202438621322
6846130.9998Antibiotic resistance genes in an urban river as impacted by bacterial community and physicochemical parameters. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in urban rivers are a serious public health concern in regions with poorly planned, rapid development. To gain insights into the predominant factors affecting the fate of ARGs in a highly polluted urban river in eastern China, a total of 285 ARGs, microbial communities, and 20 physicochemical parameters were analyzed for 17 sites. A total of 258 unique ARGs were detected using high-throughput qPCR, and the absolute abundance of total ARGs was positively correlated with total organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen concentrations (P < 0.01). ARG abundance and diversity were greatly altered by microbial community structure. Variation partitioning analysis showed that the combined effects of multiple factors contributed to the profile and dissemination of ARGs, and variation of microbial communities was the major factor affecting the distribution of ARGs. The disparate distribution of some bacteria, including Bacteroides from mammalian gastrointestinal flora, Burkholderia from zoonotic infectious diseases, and Zoogloea from wastewater treatment, indicates that the urban river was strongly influenced by point-source pollution. Results imply that microbial community shifts caused by changes in water quality may lead to the spread of ARGs, and point-source pollution in urban rivers requires greater attention to control the transfer of ARGs between environmental bacteria and pathogens.201728864929
6820140.9998Microcosm experiments deciphered resistome coalescence, risks and source-sink relationship of antibiotic resistance in the soil irrigated with reclaimed water. Reclaimed water is widely used in agriculture irrigation to alleviate water scarcity, whereas the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the soil it introduces has attracted widespread attention. Currently, few studies have systematically elucidated the coalescence of the resistome originating from reclaimed water with the soil's native community. Also, the effects and mechanisms of irrigation on the dissemination of ARGs in soils have yet to be demonstrated. To address this gap, microcosm experiments have been conducted in this study to decipher the resistome coalescence, risks and source-sink relationship of ARGs in soils irrigated with reclaimed water. The results show 237 ARGs, 55 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and 28 virulence factors were identified in the irrigated soils. Irrigation increased the abundance and diversity of ARGs in the soil by introducing antibiotic-resistant bacteria, altering the microbial community and facilitating horizontal transfer of ARGs via MGEs, and ultimately exacerbated resistome risks in the environment. Relatively, a larger volume of irrigation water led to a more complex propagation network of the resistome. Source apportionment analysis suggested reclaimed water contributed less than 15 % of ARGs in the irrigated soils, whereas its contribution proportion increased with a larger volume of irrigation water.202539874760
6825150.9998Bacteria and Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) in PM(2.5) from China: Implications for Human Exposure. Airborne transmission is one of the environmental dissemination pathways of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and has critical implications for human exposure through inhalation. In this study, we focused on three regions of China to reveal some unique spatiotemporal features of airborne bacteria and ARGs in fine aerosols (PM(2.5)): (1) greater seasonal variations in the abundance of bacteria and ARGs in temperate urban Beijing than in the subtropical urban areas of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions, with regional disparities in bacterial communities; (2) geographical fingerprints of ARG profiles independent of seasonal cycles and land-use gradients within each region; (3) region-independent associations between the targeted ARGs and limited bacterial genera; (4) common correlations between ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) across regions; and (5) PM(2.5) at the higher end of ARG enrichment across various environmental and human media. The spatiotemporally differentiated bacterial communities and ARG abundances, and the compositions, mobility, and potential hosts of ARGs in the atmosphere have strong implications for human inhalational exposure over spatiotemporal scales. By comparing other contributing pathways for the intake of ARGs (e.g., drinking water and food ingestion) in China and the U.S.A., we identified the region-specific importance of inhalation in China as well as country-specific exposure scenarios. Our study thus highlights the significance of inhalation as an integral part of the aggregate exposure pathways of environmentally disseminated ARGs, which, in turn, may help in the formulation of adaptive strategies to mitigate the exposure risks in China and beyond.201930525504
6994160.9998Seasonal variations in antibiotic resistance genes in estuarine sediments and the driving mechanisms. Estuary sediments are chemically contaminated by adjacent coastal industrial cities, but the impact of organic pollutants on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in estuarine sediments is unknown. We comprehensively analyzed the complex interactions between chemical pollutants (heavy metals and organic pollutants), mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and ARGs in estuarine sediments during various seasons. The results indicate that under the effects of the chemically polluted river water, the number of different estuarine sediment ARGs increased by 76.9%-92.3% in summer and 5.9%-35.3% in winter, and the abundance of these ARGs increased by 29-5195 times in summer and 48-239 times in winter. The abundance of sediment ARGs in distinct estuaries showed different seasonal trends. Seasonal changes had a greater impact on the abundance of estuarine sediment ARGs than on their diversity. The diversity of estuarine sediment ARGs was positively correlated with the chemical pollution levels. Furthermore, chemical pollution was positively correlated with MGEs, and MGEs were correlated with ARG abundance. These results indicate that ARGs are enriched in bacteria via horizontal gene transfer triggered by chemical pollution, promoting multi-antibiotic resistance in estuarine sediment bacteria. These findings have implications for our understanding of the distribution and propagation of ARGs in chemically polluted estuarine sediments.202031520936
6813170.9998Spread performance and underlying mechanisms of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes adhered on microplastics in the sediments of different urban water bodies. Urban water bodies often pose frequent human activities, the pollution of microplastics (MPs) in these sediments, and pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) enriched on the MPs may have risk to human health. However, there is little known about these issues. In this paper, three typical urban water bodies (the urban park lake, the urban inland river, and the urban-rural lake) were selected to identify the characteristics of MPs. Furthermore, the enrichment and driving mechanisms of pathogenic bacteria and ARGs on MPs in sediments were studied. These three water bodies were polluted with MPs, dominated by polyethylene (PE)-MPs and polystyrene (PS)-MPs. Gammaproteobacteria, Pseudomonadota, etc. as the main types of pathogenic bacteria, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii as significantly enriched in the urban inland rivers. The predominant ARGs were bacitracin- (bacA) and sulfonamide- (sul1) resistant ARGs. Transposase was the main genetic elements that drove the transfer of ARGs and the main resistance mechanism of ARGs was antibiotic efflux. The enrichment behavior of pathogenic bacteria and ARGs on MPs was also driven by the types of MPs, especially PS-MPs. The pathogenic bacteria at urban inland rivers had more types of ARGs, transfer elements and resistance mechanisms, thus the risk of pathogenic bacteria resistance needed specific concern. The results of our study were of great significance to gain insights into the pathogenic resistance risks and ecological risks of pathogenic bacteria and ARGs in sediments of urban water bodies.202540609890
6883180.9998Metagenomic insights into the profile of antibiotic resistomes in sediments of aquaculture wastewater treatment system. To meet the rapidly growing global demand for aquaculture products, large amounts of antibiotics were used in aquaculture, which might accelerate the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and the propagation of antibiotic genes (ARGs). In our research, we revealed the ARGs profiles, their co-occurrence with mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and potential hosts in sediments of a crab pond wastewater purification system based on metagenomic analysis. The residual antibiotic seems to increase the propagation of ARGs in the crab pond, but there was no clear relationship between a given antibiotic type and the corresponding resistance genes. The effect of aquaculture on sediment was not as profound as that of other anthropogentic activities, but increased the relative abundance of sulfonamide resistance gene. A higher abundance of MGEs, especially plasmid, increased the potential ARGs dissemination risk in crab and purification ponds. Multidrug and sulfonamide resistance genes had greater potential to transfer because they were more frequently carried by MGEs. The horizontal gene transfer was likely to occur among a variety of microorganisms, and various ARGs hosts including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Escherichia, and Klebsiella were identified. Bacterial community influenced the composition of ARG hosts, and Proteobacteria was the predominant hosts. Overall, our study provides novel insights into the environmental risk of ARGs in sediments of aquaculture wastewater treatment system.202234963542
6822190.9998River contamination shapes the microbiome and antibiotic resistance in sharpbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus). Animals living in urban river systems play critical roles in the dissemination of microbiome and antibiotic resistance that poses a strong threat to public health. This study provides a comprehensive profile of microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) of sharpbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus) and the surrounding water from five sites along the Ba River. Results showed Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Fusobacteria were the dominant bacteria in gut of H. leucisculus. With the aggravation of water pollution, bacterial biomass of fish gut significantly decreased and the proportion of Proteobacteria increased to become the most dominant phylum eventually. To quantify the contributions of influential factors on patterns of gut microbiome with structural equation model (SEM), water bacteria were confirmed to be the most stressors to perturb fish gut microbiome. SourceTracker model indicated that deteriorating living surroundings facilitated the invasion of water pathogens to fish gut eco-environments. Additionally, H. leucisculus gut is an important reservoir of ARGs in Ba River with relative abundance up to 9.86 × 10(-1)/copies. Among the ARGs, tetracycline and quinolone resistance genes were detected in dominant abundance. Deterioration of external environments elicited the accumulation of ARGs in fish gut. Intestinal class I integron, environmental heavy metal residues and gut bacteria were identified as key drivers of intestinal ARGs profiles in H. leucisculus. Analysis of SEM and co-occurrence patterns between ARGs and bacterial hosts indicated that class I integron and bacterial community played vital roles in ARGs transmission through water-fish pathway. In general, this study highlighted hazards of water contamination to microbiome and ARGs in aquatic animals and provided a new perspective to better understand the bacteria and ARGs dissemination in urban river ecosystems.202133120330