# | Rank | Similarity | Title + Abs. | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 5833 | 0 | 1.0000 | Rapid identification, virulence analysis and resistance profiling of Staphylococcus aureus by gene segment-based DNA microarrays: application to blood culture post-processing. Up to now, blood culturing systems are the method of choice to diagnose bacteremia. However, definitive pathogen identification from positive blood cultures is a time-consuming procedure, requiring subculture and biochemical analysis. We developed a microarray for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus comprising PCR generated gene-segments, which can reduce the blood culture post-processing time to a single day. Moreover, it allows concomitant identification of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance determinants directly from positive blood cultures without previous amplification by PCR. The assay unambiguously identifies most of the important virulence genes such as tsst-1, sea, seb, eta and antibiotic resistance genes such as mecA, aacA-aphD, blaZ and ermA. To obtain positive signals, 20 ng of purified genomic S. aureus DNA or 2 microg of total DNA extracted from blood culture was required. The microarray specifically distinguished S. aureus from gram-negative bacteria as well as from closely related coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS). The microarray-based identification of S. aureus can be accomplished on the same day blood cultures become positive in the Bactec. The results of our study demonstrate the feasibility of microarray-based systems for the direct identification and characterization of bacteria from cultured clinical specimens. | 2007 | 17141897 |
| 5834 | 1 | 0.9998 | Real-Time PCR to Identify Staphylococci and Assay for Virulence from Blood. The genus Staphylococcus includes pathogenic and non-pathogenic facultative anaerobes. Due to the plethora of virulence factors encoded in its genome, the species Staphylococcus aureus is known to be the most pathogenic. S. aureus strains harboring genes encoding virulence and antibiotic resistance are of public health importance. In clinical samples, however, pathogenic S. aureus is often mixed with putatively less pathogenic coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), both of which can harbor mecA, the genetic driver for staphylococcal methicillin-resistance. In this chapter, the detailed practical procedure for operating a real-time pentaplex PCR assay in blood cultures is described. The pentaplex real-time PCR assay simultaneously detects markers for the presence of bacteria (16S rRNA), coagulase-negative staphylococcus (cns), S. aureus (spa), Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl), and methicillin resistance (mecA). | 2017 | 28600770 |
| 5974 | 2 | 0.9998 | Use of a bacterial antimicrobial resistance gene microarray for the identification of resistant Staphylococcus aureus. As diagnostic and surveillance activities are vital to determine measures needed to control antimicrobial resistance (AMR), new and rapid laboratory methods are necessary to facilitate this important effort. DNA microarray technology allows the detection of a large number of genes in a single reaction. This technology is simple, specific and high-throughput. We have developed a bacterial antimicrobial resistance gene DNA microarray that will allow rapid antimicrobial resistance gene screening for all Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. A prototype microarray was designed using a 70-mer based oligonucleotide set targeting AMR genes of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In the present version, the microarray consists of 182 oligonucleotides corresponding to 166 different acquired AMR gene targets, covering most of the resistance genes found in both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. A test study was performed on a collection of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk samples from dairy farms in Québec, Canada. The reproducibility of the hybridizations was determined, and the microarray results were compared with those obtained by phenotypic resistance tests (either MIC or Kirby-Bauer). The microarray genotyping demonstrated a correlation between penicillin, tetracycline and erythromycin resistance phenotypes with the corresponding acquired resistance genes. The hybridizations showed that the 38 antimicrobial resistant S. aureus isolates possessed at least one AMR gene. | 2010 | 21083822 |
| 5968 | 3 | 0.9998 | A PCR assay for rapid detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Since the first report of a vancomycin-resistant enterococcal clinical isolate, these Gram-positive bacteria have emerged as important nosocomial pathogens. Several glycopeptide resistance phenotypes can be distinguished on the basis of the level and inducibility of resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin. In the present study, we developed a multiplex PCR, which allows the simultaneous identification of enterococci at the genus level and detection of the most frequent glycopeptide resistance genotypes. Five primer sets targeting the genes vanA, vanB, vanC1, vanC2/C3 and tuf were used in one reaction tube with bacterial DNA extracted from three to five colonies. This PCR method is suitable for the rapid detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. | 2002 | 12007446 |
| 5797 | 4 | 0.9998 | PCR-reverse blot hybridization assay for screening and identification of pathogens in sepsis. Rapid and accurate identification of the pathogens involved in bloodstream infections is crucial for the prompt initiation of appropriate therapy, as this can decrease morbidity and mortality rates. A PCR-reverse blot hybridization assay for sepsis, the reverse blot hybridization assay (REBA) Sepsis-ID test, was developed; it uses pan-probes to distinguish Gram-positive and -negative bacteria and fungi. In addition, the assay was designed to identify bacteria and fungi using six genus-specific and 13 species-specific probes; it uses additional probes for antibiotic resistance genes, i.e., the mecA gene of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the vanA and vanB genes of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). The REBA Sepsis-ID test successfully identified clinical isolates and blood culture samples as containing Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, or fungi. The results matched those obtained with conventional microbiological methods. For the REBA Sepsis-ID test, of the 115 blood culture samples tested, 47 (40.8%) and 49 (42.6%) samples were identified to the species and genus levels, respectively, and the remaining 19 samples (16.5%), which included five Gram-positive rods, were identified as Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, or fungi. The antibiotic resistances of the MRSA and VRE strains were identified using both conventional microbiological methods and the REBA Sepsis-ID test. In conclusion, the REBA Sepsis-ID test developed for this study is a fast and reliable test for the identification of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and antibiotic resistance genes (including mecA for MRSA and the vanA and vanB genes for VRE) in bloodstream infections. | 2013 | 23447637 |
| 5832 | 5 | 0.9997 | New quadriplex PCR assay for detection of methicillin and mupirocin resistance and simultaneous discrimination of Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci. Major challenges in diagnostic molecular microbiology are to develop a simple assay to distinguish Staphylococcus aureus from the less virulent but clinically important coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and to simultaneously determine their antibiotic resistance profiles. Multiplex PCR assays have been developed for the detection of methicillin- and mupirocin-resistant S. aureus and CoNS but not for the simultaneous discrimination of S. aureus from CoNS. We designed a new set of Staphylococcus genus-specific primers and developed a novel quadriplex PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA (Staphylococcus genus specific), nuc (S. aureus species specific), mecA (a determinant of methicillin resistance), and mupA (a determinant of mupirocin resistance) genes to identify most staphylococci, to discriminate S. aureus from CoNS and other bacteria, and to simultaneously detect methicillin and mupirocin resistance. Validation of the assay with 96 ATCC control strains and 323 previously characterized clinical isolates, including methicillin- and mupirocin-sensitive and -resistant S. aureus and CoNS isolates and other bacteria, demonstrated 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. This assay represents a simple, rapid, accurate, and reliable approach for the detection of methicillin- and mupirocin-resistant staphylococci and offers the hope of preventing their widespread dissemination through early and reliable detection. | 2004 | 15528678 |
| 5795 | 6 | 0.9997 | Direct identification of Gram-positive bacteria and resistance determinants from blood cultures using a microarray-based nucleic acid assay: in-depth analysis of microarray data for undetermined results. BACKGROUND: The Verigene Gram-Positive Blood Culture (BC-GP) nucleic acid assay (Nanosphere, Inc., Northbrook, IL, USA) is a newly developed microarray-based test with which 12 Gram-positive bacterial genes and three resistance determinants can be detected using blood culture broths. We evaluated the performance of this assay and investigated the signal characteristics of the microarray images. METHODS: At the evaluation stage, we tested 80 blood cultures that were positive for various bacteria (68 bacteria covered and 12 not covered by the BC-GP panel) collected from the blood of 36 patients and 44 spiked samples. In instances where the automated system failed and errors were called, we manually inspected microarray images, measured the signal intensities of target spots, and reclassified the results. RESULTS: With the manual analysis of the microarray images of 14 samples for which error calls were reported, we could obtain correct identification results for 12 samples without the need for retesting, because strong signals in the target spots were clearly discriminable from background noise. With our interpretation strategy, we could obtain 97.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity for bacterial identification by using the BC-GP assay. The two unidentified bacteria were viridans group streptococci, which produced weaker target signals. During the application stage, among 25 consecutive samples positive for Gram-positive bacteria, we identified two specimens with error calls as Streptococcus spp. by using manual analysis. CONCLUSIONS: With help of the manual review of the microarray images, the BC-GP assay could successfully identify species and resistance markers for many clinically important Gram-positive bacteria. | 2015 | 25536666 |
| 5779 | 7 | 0.9997 | Development of a One-Step Multiplex qPCR Assay for Detection of Methicillin and Vancomycin Drug Resistance Genes in Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. The most common antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Korea are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Pathogen identification in clinical laboratories can be divided into traditional phenotype- and genotype-based methods, both of which are complementary to each other. The genotype-based method using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid and accurate technique that analyzes material at the genetic level by targeting genes simultaneously. Accordingly, we aimed to develop a rapid method for studying the genetic characteristics of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and to provide an experimental guide for the efficient antibiotic resistance gene analysis of mecA detection for MRSA and vanA or vanB detection for VRE using a one-step multiplex qPCR assay at an early stage of infection. As a result, the sensitivity and specificity of the mecA gene for clinical S. aureus isolates, including MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, were 97.44% (95% CI, 86.82-99.87%) and 96.15% (95% CI, 87.02-99.32%), respectively. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve for the diagnosis of MRSA was 0.9798 (*** p < 0.0001). Therefore, the molecular diagnostic method using this newly developed one-step multiplex qPCR assay can provide accurate and rapid results for the treatment of patients with MRSA and VRE infections. | 2024 | 39452724 |
| 5973 | 8 | 0.9997 | DNA microarray detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in diverse bacteria. High throughput genotyping is essential for studying the spread of multiple antimicrobial resistance. A test oligonucleotide microarray designed to detect 94 antimicrobial resistance genes was constructed and successfully used to identify antimicrobial resistance genes in control strains. The microarray was then used to assay 51 distantly related bacteria, including Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates, resulting in the identification of 61 different antimicrobial resistance genes in these bacteria. These results were consistent with their known gene content and resistance phenotypes. Microarray results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analysis. These results demonstrate that this approach could be used to construct a microarray to detect all sequenced antimicrobial resistance genes in nearly all bacteria. | 2006 | 16427254 |
| 5972 | 9 | 0.9997 | Method of Selection of Bacteria Antibiotic Resistance Genes Based on Clustering of Similar Nucleotide Sequences. A new method for selection of bacterium antibiotic resistance genes is proposed and tested for solving the problems related to selection of primers for PCR assay. The method implies clustering of similar nucleotide sequences and selection of group primers for all genes of each cluster. Clustering of resistance genes for six groups of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, macrolides and lincosamides, and fusidic acid) was performed. The method was tested for 81 strains of bacteria of different genera isolated from patients (K. pneumoniae, Staphylococcus spp., S. agalactiae, E. faecalis, E. coli, and G. vaginalis). The results obtained by us are comparable to those in the selection of individual genes; this allows reducing the number of primers necessary for maximum coverage of the known antibiotic resistance genes during PCR analysis. | 2017 | 29063318 |
| 5971 | 10 | 0.9997 | Detection of antibiotic resistance genes in different Salmonella serovars by oligonucleotide microarray analysis. In this study the feasibility of 50- and 60-mer oligonucleotides in microarray analysis for the detection and identification of antibiotic resistance genes in various Salmonella strains was assessed. The specificity of the designed oligonucleotides was evaluated, furthermore the optimal spotting concentration was determined. The oligonucleotide microarray was used to screen two sets of Salmonella strains for the presence of several antibiotic resistance genes. Set 1 consisted of strains with variant Salmonella Genomic Island 1 (SGI1) multidrug resistance (MDR) regions of which the antibiotic resistance profiles and genotypes were known. The second set contained strains of which initially only phenotypic data were available. The microarray results of the first set of Salmonella strains perfectly matched with the phenotypic and genotypic information. The microarray data of the second set were almost completely in concordance with the available phenotypic data. It was concluded that the microarray technique in combination with random primed genomic labeling and 50- or 60-mer oligonucleotides is a powerful tool for the detection of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria. | 2005 | 15823391 |
| 5831 | 11 | 0.9997 | Development of a nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) for reliable, simple and rapid detection of the methicillin resistance genes mecA and mecC. The gene mecA and its homologue mecC confer methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococci. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) are considered resistant to all β-lactam antibiotics. To avoid the use of β-lactam antibiotics for the control of MRS infections, there is an urgent need for a fast and reliable screening assay for mecA and mecC that can easily be integrated in routine laboratory diagnostics. The aim of this study was the development of such a rapid detection method for methicillin resistance based on nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) technology. In NALFIA, the target sequences are PCR-amplified, immobilized via antigen-antibody interaction and finally visualized as distinct black bars resulting from neutravidin-labeled carbon particles via biotin-neutravidin interaction. A screening of 60 defined strains (MRS and non-target bacteria) and 28 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates from clinical samples was performed with PCR-NALFIA in comparison to PCR with subsequent gel electrophoresis (PCR-GE) and real-time PCR. While all samples were correctly identified with all assays, PCR-NALFIA was superior with respect to limits of detection. Moreover, this assay allowed for differentiation between mecA and mecC by visualizing the two alleles at different positions on NALFIA test stripes. However, since this test system only targets the mecA and mecC genes, it does not allow to determine in which staphylococcal species the mec gene is included. Requiring only a fraction of the time needed for cultural methods (i.e. the gold standard), the PCR-NALFIA presented here is easy to handle and can be readily integrated into laboratory diagnostics. | 2017 | 27569992 |
| 5796 | 12 | 0.9997 | Antibiotic treatment algorithm development based on a microarray nucleic acid assay for rapid bacterial identification and resistance determination from positive blood cultures. Rapid diagnosis of bloodstream infections remains a challenge for the early targeting of an antibiotic therapy in sepsis patients. In recent studies, the reliability of the Nanosphere Verigene Gram-positive and Gram-negative blood culture (BC-GP and BC-GN) assays for the rapid identification of bacteria and resistance genes directly from positive BCs has been demonstrated. In this work, we have developed a model to define treatment recommendations by combining Verigene test results with knowledge on local antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial pathogens. The data of 275 positive BCs were analyzed. Two hundred sixty-three isolates (95.6%) were included in the Verigene assay panels, and 257 isolates (93.5%) were correctly identified. The agreement of the detection of resistance genes with subsequent phenotypic susceptibility testing was 100%. The hospital antibiogram was used to develop a treatment algorithm on the basis of Verigene results that may contribute to a faster patient management. | 2016 | 26712265 |
| 5693 | 13 | 0.9997 | Evaluation of an expanded microarray for detecting antibiotic resistance genes in a broad range of gram-negative bacterial pathogens. A microarray capable of detecting genes for resistance to 75 clinically relevant antibiotics encompassing 19 different antimicrobial classes was tested on 132 Gram-negative bacteria. Microarray-positive results correlated >91% with antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, assessed using British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy clinical breakpoints; the overall test specificity was >83%. Microarray-positive results without a corresponding resistance phenotype matched 94% with PCR results, indicating accurate detection of genes present in the respective bacteria by microarray when expression was low or absent and, hence, undetectable by susceptibility testing. The low sensitivity and negative predictive values of the microarray results for identifying resistance to some antimicrobial resistance classes are likely due to the limited number of resistance genes present on the current microarray for those antimicrobial agents or to mutation-based resistance mechanisms. With regular updates, this microarray can be used for clinical diagnostics to help accurate therapeutic options to be taken following infection with multiple-antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and prevent treatment failure. | 2013 | 23129055 |
| 5969 | 14 | 0.9997 | Microarray-based detection of 90 antibiotic resistance genes of gram-positive bacteria. A disposable microarray was developed for detection of up to 90 antibiotic resistance genes in gram-positive bacteria by hybridization. Each antibiotic resistance gene is represented by two specific oligonucleotides chosen from consensus sequences of gene families, except for nine genes for which only one specific oligonucleotide could be developed. A total of 137 oligonucleotides (26 to 33 nucleotides in length with similar physicochemical parameters) were spotted onto the microarray. The microarrays (ArrayTubes) were hybridized with 36 strains carrying specific antibiotic resistance genes that allowed testing of the sensitivity and specificity of 125 oligonucleotides. Among these were well-characterized multidrug-resistant strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, and Lactococcus lactis and an avirulent strain of Bacillus anthracis harboring the broad-host-range resistance plasmid pRE25. Analysis of two multidrug-resistant field strains allowed the detection of 12 different antibiotic resistance genes in a Staphylococcus haemolyticus strain isolated from mastitis milk and 6 resistance genes in a Clostridium perfringens strain isolated from a calf. In both cases, the microarray genotyping corresponded to the phenotype of the strains. The ArrayTube platform presents the advantage of rapidly screening bacteria for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes known in gram-positive bacteria. This technology has a large potential for applications in basic research, food safety, and surveillance programs for antimicrobial resistance. | 2005 | 15872258 |
| 5782 | 15 | 0.9997 | The Efficacy of Bacteriocins Against Biofilm-Producing Bacteria Causing Bovine Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Farms: A New Strategy. Using an alternative bio-product is one of the most promising ways to control bovine mastitis and avoid new intra-mammary infections. The aims of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of biofilm-forming bacteria responsible for causing clinical mastitis in dairy herds and to assess the effectiveness of bacteriocins, produced by Bacillus subtilis, in controlling the growth of these bacteria in the milk of animals. A total of 150 milk samples were collected from cows and buffalos suffering from mastitis and the etiological agents were isolated and identified by the VITEK-2-COMPACT-SYSTEM®. Additionally, the capability of the bacterial isolates to produce biofilms was determined. RT-PCR was used to detect enterotoxin-producing genes (sed and seb), resistance genes (mecA and blaZ), and biofilm-associated genes (icaA and fnbA) in the isolated bacteria. The susceptibility patterns of the bacterial isolates to bacteriocins were assessed using an agar well-diffusion assay. S. aureus was significantly more capable of producing biofilms than coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates. S. ubris was the strongest biofilm producer among the Streptococcus species. The sensitivity profiles of the Staphylococcus spp. (S. aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus) and their biofilm producers to bacteriocins were significantly higher (100% and 90%, respectively) at the same concentration. Bacteriocins had a lethal effect on Staphylococci, Streptococci, and biofilm development at a dose of 250 µg/mL. In dairy farms, bacteriocins are a viable alternative treatment for the prevention and control of bovine clinical mastitis. | 2023 | 37256384 |
| 5829 | 16 | 0.9996 | Diagnosing Antibiotic Resistance Using Nucleic Acid Enzymes and Gold Nanoparticles. The rapid and accurate detection of antimicrobial resistance is critical to limiting the spread of infections and delivering effective treatments. Here, we developed a rapid, sensitive, and simple colorimetric nanodiagnostic platform to identify disease-causing pathogens and their associated antibiotic resistance genes within 2 h. The platform can detect bacteria from different biological samples (i.e., blood, wound swabs) with or without culturing. We validated the multicomponent nucleic acid enzyme-gold nanoparticle (MNAzyme-GNP) platform by screening patients with central line associated bloodstream infections and achieved a clinical sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 100%, respectively. We detected antibiotic resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patient swabs with 90% clinical sensitivity and 95% clinical specificity. Finally, we identified mecA resistance genes in uncultured nasal, groin, axilla, and wound swabs from patients with 90% clinical sensitivity and 95% clinical specificity. The simplicity and versatility for detecting bacteria and antibiotic resistance markers make our platform attractive for the broad screening of microbial pathogens. | 2021 | 33970612 |
| 5798 | 17 | 0.9996 | Rapid identification of bacteria, mecA and van genes from blood cultures. The Genotype technology, a quick molecular genetic assay based on DNA multiplex amplification with biotinylated primers followed by hybridization to membrane bound probes, complies with the requirements for a fast diagnosis of sepsis. We evaluated the new Genotype BC Gram-negative and Gram-positive test kits (Hain Life Science, Germany) which respectively allow for the identification of 15 species of Gram-negative (GN) rods, and the identification of 17 Gram-positive (GP) bacteria species together with the determination of methicillin and vancomycin resistance (mecA and van genes). The study was performed on 60 positive blood cultures from BacT/ALERT bottles (aerobic, anaerobic and pediatric bottles). First, a Gram stain was carried out to select between Genotype BC GP or GN test, then identification were performed by the Genotype BC tests and by biochemical conventional tests after subculture and phenotypic susceptibility determination. The operating procedure was very easy to carry out and required a small amount of starting material (5 to 10 microL of blood culture). The results were available within 4.5 hours. For all the blood cultures, the Genotype BC results correlated with the biochemical identification and phenotypic antibiotics susceptibility. According to our results, this DNA strip technology based assay can easily be incorporated into routine diagnosis. | 2007 | 17913394 |
| 2240 | 18 | 0.9996 | Evaluation of multiplex tandem PCR (MT-PCR) assays for the detection of bacterial resistance genes among Enterobacteriaceae in clinical urines. BACKGROUND: Increasing resistance drives empirical use of less potent and previously reserved antibiotics, including for urinary tract infections (UTIs). Molecular profiling, without culture, might better guide early therapy. OBJECTIVES: To explore the potential of AusDiagnostics multiplex tandem (MT) PCR UTI assays. METHODS: Two MT-PCR assays were developed successively, seeking 8 or 16 resistance genes. Amplification was tracked in real time, with melting temperatures used to confirm product identity. Assays were variously performed on: (i) extracted DNA; (ii) cultured bacteria; (iii) urine spiked with reference strains; and (iv) bacteria harvested from clinical urines. Results were compared with those from sequencing, real-time SybrGreen PCR or phenotypic susceptibility. RESULTS: Performance was similar irrespective of whether DNA, cultures or urines were used, with >90% sensitivity and specificity with respect to common β-lactamases, dfr genes and aminoglycoside resistance determinants except aadA1/A2/A3, for which carriage correlated poorly with streptomycin resistance. Fluoroquinolone-susceptible and -resistant Escherichia coli (but not other species) were distinguished by the melting temperatures of their gyrA PCR products. The time from urine to results was <3 h. CONCLUSIONS: The MT-PCR assays rapidly identified resistance genes from Gram-negative bacteria in urines as well as from cultivated bacteria. Used directly on urines, this assay has the potential to guide early therapy. | 2019 | 30476137 |
| 2247 | 19 | 0.9996 | Metagenomic identification of pathogens and antimicrobial-resistant genes in bacterial positive blood cultures by nanopore sequencing. Nanopore sequencing workflows have attracted increasing attention owing to their fast, real-time, and convenient portability. Positive blood culture samples were collected from patients with bacterial bloodstream infection and tested by nanopore sequencing. This study compared the sequencing results for pathogen taxonomic profiling and antimicrobial resistance genes to those of species identification and phenotypic drug susceptibility using traditional microbiology testing. A total of 37 bacterial positive blood culture results of strain genotyping by nanopore sequencing were consistent with those of mass spectrometry. Among them, one mixed infection of bacteria and fungi was identified using nanopore sequencing and confirmatory quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The amount of sequencing data was 21.89 ± 8.46 MB for species identification, and 1.0 MB microbial strain data enabled accurate determination. Data volumes greater than or equal to 94.6 MB nearly covered all the antimicrobial resistance genes of the bacteria in our study. In addition, the results of the antimicrobial resistance genes were compared with those of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, the nanopore sequencing platform for rapid identification of causing pathogens and relevant antimicrobial resistance genes complementary to conventional blood culture outcomes may optimize antimicrobial stewardship management for patients with bacterial bloodstream infection. | 2023 | 38192400 |